Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Household Members and Other Close Contacts of COVID-19 Cases: A Serologic Study in Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Household Members and Other Close Contacts of COVID-19 Cases: A Serologic Study in Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.
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DOI：
10.1093/ofid/ofab149
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
D'Acremont V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dupraz J;Butty A;Duperrex O;Estoppey S;Faivre V;Thabard J;Zuppinger C;Greub G;Pantaleo G;Pasquier J;Rousson V;Egger M;Steiner-Dubuis A;Vassaux S;Masserey E;Bochud M;Gonseth Nusslé S;D'Acremont V
使用血清学检测对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 在家庭和其他封闭环境中传播的研究很少。我们邀请了 2020 年 2 月 27 日至 4 月 1 日期间在瑞士沃州确诊的 2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 病例以及家庭成员和其他密切接触者参加。使用 Luminex 免疫测定法测量抗 SARS-CoV-2 免疫球蛋白 G 抗体。我们使用广义估计方程估计与血清学状态相关的因素。总体而言，2020 年 5 月 4 日至 6 月 27 日期间，有 219 名病例、302 名家庭成员和 69 名其他密切接触者参与了研究。超过一半的家庭成员 (57.2%; 95% CI, 49.7%–64.3%) 对 SARS-CoV-2 产生了血清学反应，而 19.0% (95% CI, 10.0%–33.2%) 的其他密切接触者出现了血清学反应。血清阳性。调整个人和家庭特征后，年龄≥65岁的家庭成员的感染风险高于年轻人（调整后的优势比[aOR]，3.63；95% CI，1.05-12.60）和不严格遵守洗手等简单卫生规则的家庭成员（aOR，1.80；95% CI，1.02-3.17）。半禁闭期间与室外见面的人超过 5 人时，与没有见面的人相比，风险较低（aOR，0.35；95% CI，0.16-0.74）。在大家庭中，家庭成员出现血清反应阳性的个人风险较低（每增加一个人，风险就会降低 22%）。在半禁闭期间，COVID-19 病例的家庭成员被感染的风险非常高，比家庭以外的密切接触者高出 3 倍。这凸显了就适用于国内的保护措施提供明确信息的必要性。对于面临特别高风险的老年夫妇来说，为日常基本活动提供外部支持至关重要。
Research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission within households and other close settings using serological testing is scarce. We invited coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases diagnosed between February 27 and April 1, 2020, in Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, to participate, along with household members and other close contacts. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies were measured using a Luminex immunoassay. We estimated factors associated with serological status using generalized estimating equations. Overall, 219 cases, 302 household members, and 69 other close contacts participated between May 4 and June 27, 2020. More than half of household members (57.2%; 95% CI, 49.7%–64.3%) had developed a serologic response to SARS-CoV-2, while 19.0% (95% CI, 10.0%–33.2%) of other close contacts were seropositive. After adjusting for individual and household characteristics, infection risk was higher in household members aged ≥65 years than in younger adults (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.63; 95% CI, 1.05–12.60) and in those not strictly adhering to simple hygiene rules like hand washing (aOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.02–3.17). The risk was lower when more than 5 people outside home were met during semiconfinement, compared with none (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16–0.74). Individual risk of household members to be seropositive was lower in large households (22% less per each additional person). During semiconfinement, household members of a COVID-19 case were at very high risk of getting infected, 3 times more than close contacts outside home. This highlights the need to provide clear messages on protective measures applicable at home. For elderly couples, who were especially at risk, providing external support for daily basic activities is essential.