Potential moral stigma and reactions to sexually transmitted diseases: Evidence for a disjunction fallacy
Potential moral stigma and reactions to sexually transmitted diseases: Evidence for a disjunction fallacy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0146167207301027
复制
发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Monin, Benoit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young, Sean D.;Nussbaum, A. David;Monin, Benoit
五个实验证明了潜在的道德耻辱如何导致人们低估自己对性传播疾病的易感性，并抑制了他们接受检测的兴趣。在将无保护措施的性行为添加到一种疾病的可能传播媒介列表中之后，作者发现，被感染的人被认为是不那么道德的（实验1a），而且个人认为，如果他们得了这种疾病，其他人也会认为他们不那么道德（实验1b）。添加这种被污名化的媒介也降低了报告的测试意图（实验2）和感知的暴露风险（实验3）——这是一个分离谬误，因为添加潜在原因降低了估计的可能性，违反了基本的概率规则。最后，作者在计算机病毒模拟实验中复制了这一效应（实验4），并表明这并不仅仅是因为知道自己没有从事被污名化的行为。结果表明，避免潜在的耻辱可能对个人的健康决定和卫生政策产生巨大的健康后果。
Five experiments demonstrate how potential moral Stigma leads people to underplay their susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and dampens their interest in getting tested. After adding unprotected sex to a list of otherwise innocuous possible vectors for a disease, the authors found that infected people were perceived to be less moral (Experiment 1a), and individuals believed that if they had the disease, others would see them as less moral too (Experiment 1b). Adding this stigmatized vector also reduced reported testing intentions (Experiment 2) and perceived risk of exposure (Experiment 3) - a disjunction fallacy because adding a potential cause reduced estimated likelihood, in violation of basic probability rules. Finally, the authors replicated the effect in a computer virus analog (Experiment 4) and showed that it did not result from simply knowing that one has not engaged in the stigmatized behavior. Results suggest that avoidance of potential stigma can have dramatic health consequences, both for an individual's health decision and for health policy.