Shadows as sources of cues for distance of shadow-casting objects
Shadows as sources of cues for distance of shadow-casting objects
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DOI：
10.2466/pms.89.6.571-584
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Allen, BP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, BP
阴影是被忽视的有关阴影投射对象距离（位置）的信息来源。在一个使用真实的阴影的实验中，参与者判断两个杆的距离，无论是有阴影（从左边照明）还是没有阴影。如果没有阴影，一根稍微高出表面的细杆会被错误地判断为比粗杆更远，但如果有阴影，细杆会被准确地判断为更近。为了使判断正确，阴影必须压倒高度和刺激大小的竞争线索。Exp.第二种方法是在杆前放置一盏灯，产生不重叠的阴影。同样，在没有阴影的情况下，细长的高架杆被错误地判断为更远，但在有阴影的情况下，它被正确地判断为更近。Exp. III涉及两套粗和细的高架杆和正面照明。当有阴影时判断准确，但当没有阴影时判断不准确。通过美国心理学会网络研究进行的实验复制了实验的结果。I，II，and III.最后一个Web实验复制了其他实验的结果，但使用了右侧照明产生的阴影。阴影的三个属性-角度、插入和定位-是与投射阴影相关的距离信息的可能来源。
Shadows are neglected sources of information about shadow-casting objects' distance (location). In an experiment using real shadows, participants judged the distance of two rods, either with shadows (illumination from the left) or a without shadows. Without shadows, a thin rod raised slightly above the surface was incorrectly judged to be more distant than a thick rod, bur with shadows the thin rod was accurately judged to be closer. For judgments to be correct, shadows had to overwhelm competing height and stimulus-size cues. Exp. II involved nonoverlapping shadows produced by a light placed in front of the rods. Again, without shadows the thin-elevated rod was incorrectly judged to be more distant, but with shadows it was correctly judged to be closer. Exp. III involved two sets of thick and thin elevated rods and frontal lighting. Judgments were accurate when shadows were present but inaccurate when shadows were absent. Experiments conducted through the American Psychological Society Web-research sire replicated results of Exp. I, II, and III. A final Web experiment replicated results of the others, but with shadows produced by illumination from the right. Three properties of shadows - angles, interposition, and positioning - are possible sources of distance information associated with cast shadows.