Synaptic number changes in the medial prefrontal cortex across adolescence in male and female rats: A role for pubertal onset.
Synaptic number changes in the medial prefrontal cortex across adolescence in male and female rats: A role for pubertal onset.
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雄性和雌性大鼠青春期内侧前额叶皮层突触数量的变化：对青春期开始的作用。
DOI：
10.1002/syn.21909
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Juraska JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Drzewiecki CM;Willing J;Juraska JM
青春期是一个独特的发展时期，其标志是前额叶皮层（PFC）的成熟，这是执行功能的重要区域。在此期间，人体前额叶皮质的总体积和厚度减小。同样，在青春期啮齿动物中，内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）内的神经元、树突、树突棘和神经递质受体的丢失也有记录，有时具有性别和层特异性。然而，在这段时间内突触数量的变化还没有被检查。在本研究中，我们体视学定量的突触素免疫反应终扣的数量在雄性和雌性大鼠mPFC在多个时间点，从青少年期到成年期（出生后（P）25，35，45，60和90）。在女性中，P35和P45之间的突触体素终扣显著减少，与青春期的开始一致。在男性中，有没有显着的年龄对突触体素扣的主要影响，但是，在男性和女性，青春期开始与显着的突触损失。这些结果表明，青春期是一个关键时期的大鼠mPFC内的突触修剪，可能有助于青少年执行功能的成熟。体视学评估的免疫反应性突触体素扣在mPFC之间的青春期早期和成年期发现显着修剪，女性比男性大。此外，青春期开始在男性和女性都与突触数量减少，表明青春期激素在调节突触修剪的作用。
Adolescence is a unique period of development, marked by maturation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region important for executive functioning. During this time, the human PFC decreases in overall volume and thickness. Likewise in adolescent rodents, losses of neurons, dendrites, dendritic spines and neurotransmitter receptors have been documented within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), sometimes with sex and layer specificity. However, changes in the number of synapses during this time have not been examined. In the present study, we stereologically quantified the number of synaptophysin-immunoreactive boutons in the male and female rat mPFC across multiple time points from the juvenile period through adulthood (postnatal days (P) 25, 35, 45, 60 and 90). In females, there was a significant decrease in synaptophysin boutons between P35 and P45, coinciding with the onset of puberty. In males, there was no significant main effect of age on synaptophysin boutons; however, in both males and females, pubertal onset was associated with significant synaptic losses. These results suggest that puberty is a critical period for synaptic pruning within the rat mPFC, potentially contributing to maturation of adolescent executive function. Stereological assessment of immunoreactive synaptophysin boutons in the mPFC between early adolescence and adulthood revealed significant pruning that was larger in females than males.. Additionally, pubertal onset in both males and females was associated with decreases in synapse number, suggesting a role for pubertal hormones in regulating synaptic pruning.