Perkinsus, a protistan parasite of abalone in Australia: A review
Perkinsus, a protistan parasite of abalone in Australia: A review
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Perkinsus，澳大利亚鲍鱼的原生生物寄生虫：综述
DOI：
10.1071/mf9950639
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
R. Lester
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Goggin;R. Lester
波金氏寄生虫在世界各地的软体动物中广泛存在。1985年和1986年，南澳大利亚海岸部分地区发生了绿鲍鱼（Haliotis laevigata）的死亡。在枯死区laevigata中有丰富的珀金苏斯（Perkinsus olseni），在约克半岛其他寄主中分布广泛。动物流行病过去后，两次尝试通过移植成虫来恢复该地区的人口；1989年的第二次尝试似乎取得了成功。实验室实验表明，感染了奥氏假单胞菌的鲍鱼的死亡率高于未感染的鲍鱼，并且高温等压力使鲍鱼易患病。在冬季，鲍鱼似乎能够控制并可能消除感染。分子研究表明，在澳大利亚有一种单一种类的Perkinsus广泛存在于大堡礁和南澳大利亚的鲍鱼和双壳类动物中，但在塔斯马尼亚的软体动物中没有发现。这种寄生虫，P. olseni，与葡萄牙的P. atlanticus相似，但与北美的P. marinus不同。在实验室中，奥氏假单胞菌被证明对一系列软体动物具有高度传染性。P. marinus可在体外培养；这将有助于研究该寄生虫对治疗药物的敏感性、宿主防御机制以及从澳大利亚和其他地方分离的珀金苏斯寄生虫的亲和力。
Perkinsus parasites are widespread in molluscs around the world. In 1985 and 1986, a die-back of greenlip abalone, Haliotis laevigata, occurred along part of the South Australian coast. Perkinsus olseni was abundant in H. laevigata from the die-back area and widespread around the Yorke Peninsula in other hosts. After the epizootic had passed, two attempts were made to repopulate the area by transplanting adult H. laevigata; the second attempt, in 1989, appears to have been successful. Laboratory experiments showed that abalone infected with P. olseni had a higher mortality rate than did uninfected abalone and that stress such as high temperature predisposed the abalone to disease. During winter, abalone appear able to contain and possibly eliminate the infection. Molecular studies have indicated that there is a single species of Perkinsus in Australia that is widespread in abalone and bivalves from the Great Barrier Reef and South Australia but is not found in molluscs in Tasmania. This parasite, P. olseni, is similar to P. atlanticus from Portugal but different from P. marinus in North America. P. olseni was shown to be highly infectious to a range of molluscs in the laboratory. P. marinus can be cultured in vitro; this will facilitate investigation into the susceptibility of the parasite to therapeutic agents, the mechanisms of host defence, and the affinities of Perkinsus parasites isolated from Australia and elsewhere.