Large-scale synthesis of silver nanocubes: The role of HCl in promoting cube perfection and monodispersity
Large-scale synthesis of silver nanocubes: The role of HCl in promoting cube perfection and monodispersity
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200462208
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Xia, YN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Im, SH;Lee, YT;Xia, YN
近年来，由于纳米颗粒的形状与其化学、物理、电子、光学、磁性和催化性质之间的强相关性，金属纳米颗粒的形状控制受到了相当大的关注。[1]特别是银和金，由于其众多的应用，包括表面等离子体，表面增强拉曼散射（Sers），以及化学和生物传感，已被深入研究。[2]已经开发了大量的化学方法来合成具有良好控制形状的银和金纳米结构，包括三角形板，[3]立方体，[4]带，[5]线，[6]棒，[7]和分支多脚。[8]然而，这些方法中的大多数仍然需要在产率、纯度、单分散性和合成规模方面进行改进，然后才能用于商业应用。我们和其他小组已经建立了多元醇过程作为一种手段，以合成银和金纳米粒子与可控的形状在相对较大的数量。[4-6]此外，我们发现，通过氯离子和氧气（来自空气）选择性蚀刻和溶解孪晶种子，可以高产率地制备具有截角/截边的银的正方体和四面体晶体。[9]在此，我们报告了另一种高效的介体盐酸用于生产单晶纳米立方体。盐酸的加入大大提高了样品的产率、立方体的完整性和单分散性。更重要的是，该反应的稳健性甚至允许其在浸没在油浴中并在热板上加热的一次性小瓶中进行。还研究了盐酸浓度对形貌的依赖性，并成功地将合成放大到克级规模以产生银纳米立方体。
Shape control of metal nanoparticles has received considerable attention in recent years because of the strong correlation between the shape and the chemical, physical, electronic, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties of a nanoparticle.[1] Silver and gold, in particular, have been intensively studied owing to their numerous applications that include surface plasmonics, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), as well as chemical and biological sensing.[2] A wealth of chemical methods have been developed for the synthesis of silver and gold nanostructures that have well-controlled shapes, including triangular plates,[3] cubes,[4] belts,[5] wires,[6] rods,[7] and branched multipods.[8] Most of these methods, however, still require improvement in terms of yield, purity, monodispersity, and scale of synthesis before they will find use in commercial applications. We and other groups have established the polyol process as a means to synthesize silver and gold nanoparticles with controllable shapes in relatively large quantities.[4–6] Furthermore, we discovered that singlecrystal cubes and tetrahedrons of silver with truncated corners/edges could be prepared in high yields through the selective etching and dissolution of twinned seeds by chloride ions and oxygen (from air).[9] Herein, we report another highly effective mediator—hydrochloric acid—for the production of single-crystal nanocubes. The yield, perfection of the cube, and monodispersity of the sample are all greatly improved by employing HCl. More importantly, the robustness of this reaction even allows it to be carried out in a disposable vial submerged in an oil bath and heated on a hotplate. The dependence of morphology on the concentration of hydrochloric acid was also investigated, and the synthesis was successfully scaled up to produce silver nanocubes on the gram scale.