Retinal Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Ciliary Marginal Zone Complete Retinal Regeneration: A Study of Retinal Regeneration in a Novel Animal Model
Retinal Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Ciliary Marginal Zone Complete Retinal Regeneration: A Study of Retinal Regeneration in a Novel Animal Model
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DOI：
10.1002/dneu.22169
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Araki, Masasuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyake, Ayumi;Araki, Masasuke
我们的研究小组广泛研究了成年非洲爪蟾的视网膜再生。然而，X. Laevis并不代表多代遗传学和基因组方法的合适模型。相反，热带爪蟾被认为是这些研究的理想模型，尽管对X的视网膜再生知之甚少。热带植物在本研究中，我们发现，完整的视网膜再生后约30天整个视网膜切除。视网膜再生来源于睫状体边缘区（CMZ）的干/祖细胞，这是脊椎动物视网膜再生的一种新模式，以前未见报道。在以前的研究中，我们表明，在X。在视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞中，视网膜再生主要通过视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞的转分化发生。RPE细胞迁移到视网膜血管膜并改革新的上皮，然后分化成视网膜。在X。tropicalis中，RPE细胞也向维管膜迁移，但转分化不明显。利用两种RPE组织培养模型，发现在X。在培养的视网膜色素上皮细胞中，可清楚地观察到神经元的分化和视网膜三维结构的重建，而在X. tropicalisRPE培养中既没有看到β III微管蛋白阳性细胞，也没有看到3-D视网膜结构。这些结果表明，这两个非洲爪蟾物种是很好的模型，以澄清视网膜再生的细胞和分子机制，因为这些动物有对比的再生模式;一种模式主要涉及RPE细胞和其他模式涉及干/祖细胞在CMZ。(C)2014 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Our research group has extensively studied retinal regeneration in adult Xenopus laevis. However, X. laevis does not represent a suitable model for multigenerational genetics and genomic approaches. Instead, Xenopus tropicalis is considered as the ideal model for these studies, although little is known about retinal regeneration in X. tropicalis. In the present study, we showed that a complete retina regenerates at approximately 30 days after whole retinal removal. The regenerating retina was derived from the stem/progenitor cells in the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ), indicating a novel mode of vertebrate retinal regeneration, which has not been previously reported. In a previous study, we showed that in X. laevis, retinal regeneration occurs primarily through the transdifferentiation of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells. RPE cells migrate to the retinal vascular membrane and reform a new epithelium, which then differentiates into the retina. In X. tropicalis, RPE cells also migrated to the vascular membrane, but transdifferentiation was not evident. Using two tissue culture models of RPE tissues, it was shown that in X. laevis RPE culture neuronal differentiation and reconstruction of the retinal three-dimensional (3-D) structure were clearly observed, while in X. tropicalis RPE culture neither beta III tubulin-positive cells nor 3-D retinal structure were seen. These results indicate that the two Xenopus species are excellent models to clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms of retinal regeneration, as these animals have contrasting modes of regeneration; one mode primarily involves RPE cells and the other mode involves stem/progenitor cells in the CMZ. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.