Characterization of US State Laws Requiring Health Care Provider Reporting of Perinatal Substance Use
Characterization of US State Laws Requiring Health Care Provider Reporting of Perinatal Substance Use
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DOI：
10.1016/j.whi.2016.12.008
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Van Nostrand, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jarlenski, Marian;Hogan, Caroline;Van Nostrand, Elizabeth
背景：与卫生保健提供者报告围产期物质使用有关的国家政策对提供者筛查和转诊行为、患者寻求护理和获得产前物质使用障碍治疗以及妊娠和分娩结果具有影响。目的：本研究试图描述州法规中与医疗服务提供者报告围产期药物使用有关的具体规定，并确定在有此类法律的州发生的出生比例。方法：我们对美国所有州的法规进行了系统的内容分析，这些法规提到卫生保健提供者报告孕妇或婴儿在子宫内暴露于物质的物质使用；量表间信度高。我们计算了州的数量和美国出生在州的比例，以及向当局强制报告围产期药物使用的过程，以及为报告的个人提供的药物使用障碍治疗。结果：20个州（对应31%的出生）有法律要求卫生保健提供者向儿童保护当局报告围产期药物使用情况，4个州（对应18%的出生）有法律要求只有在卫生保健提供者认为药物使用与虐待儿童有关时才报告。大约有一半的州（13个）有报告法，有促进围产期药物使用障碍治疗的规定。结论：调查结果为正在进行的关于如何使用卫生政策来减少围产期物质使用的人口负担的辩论提供了信息。(C) 2016年雅各布斯妇女健康研究所。Elsevier Inc.出版。
Background: State policies pertaining to health care provider reporting of perinatal substance use have implications for provider screening and referral behavior, patients' care seeking and access to prenatal substance use disorder treatment, and pregnancy and birth outcomes.Objectives: This study sought to characterize specific provisions enacted in state statutes pertaining to mandates that health care providers report perinatal substance use, and to determine the proportion of births occurring in states with such laws.Methods: We conducted a systematic content analysis of statutes in all U.S. states that mentioned reporting by health care providers of substance use by pregnant women or infants exposed to substances in utero; inter-rater reliability was high. We calculated the number of states, and proportion of U.S. births occurring in states, with processes for mandatory reporting of perinatal substance use to authorities, and substance use disorder treatment provision for individuals who are reported.Results: Twenty states (corresponding with 31% of births) had laws requiring health care providers to report perinatal substance use to child protective authorities, and four states (18% of births) had laws requiring reporting only when a health care provider believed the substance use was associated with child maltreatment. About one-half of states (13) with any reporting law had a provision promoting substance use disorder treatment in the perinatal period.Conclusions: Findings inform the ongoing debate about how health policies may be used to reduce the population burden of perinatal substance use. (C) 2016 Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc.