Cross-sectional serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in healthy cattle and sheep from extensive grazing system in central Italy
Cross-sectional serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in healthy cattle and sheep from extensive grazing system in central Italy
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DOI：
10.1017/s0950268819002115
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Scarpulla, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barlozzari, G.;Sala, M.;Scarpulla, M.
在意大利中部广泛放牧的牛和羊中进行了一项横断面调查，以估计伯氏柯克斯体的血清流行率，并确定相关的危险因素。还收集并描述了该地区报告的人类Q热病例的数据。采用两阶段整群抽样。使用一种商品化的酶联免疫吸附分析试剂盒，对186个农场(92个牛群，94个鸡群)的5083只动物(2210头牛，2873只羊)进行了伯氏梭菌抗体的检测。在动物水平上，羊的患病率是牛的三倍(37.8%比12.0%；chi(2)=270.10，P<；0.001)。羊群水平的患病率也高于牛(87.2%vs.68.5%；chi(2)=9.52，P<；0.01)。多因素分析显示，67~107日龄牛(OR 2.79，95%CI 1.86~4.18)、107月龄牛(OR 2.07，95%CI 1.36~3.14)和混种牛(OR 1.74，95%CI 1.11~2.72)的血清阳性风险较高。牛群规模>；92被认为是牛群水平的危险因素(OR 6.88，95%CI 1.67-28.37)。在属于600只动物的羊群中，血清阳性的风险增加了一倍(优势比(OR)2.04，95%可信区间1.63-2.56)。绵羊被确认为受影响最大的物种。然而，在牛身上观察到的流行率也表明该物种可能参与了该地区病原体的循环。报告了7例确诊的人类Q热病例。在七个案例中，有五个在5公里的缓冲区内至少有一个暴露的牛群。即使没有确定感染源，也不能忽视伯氏梭菌在研究区牲畜和人群中传播的可能性。兽医和人类监测之间的结合对于了解这一人畜共患病的传播和支持采取适当的控制措施至关重要。
A cross-sectional survey was carried out to estimate the seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in extensively grazed cattle and sheep from central Italy and to identify the related risk factors. Data on notified human Q fever cases in the area were also collected and described. A two-stage cluster sampling was performed. A total of 5083 animals (2210 cattle; 2873 sheep) belonging to 186 farms (92 herds; 94 flocks) were tested for the presence of antibodies against C. burnetii using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The prevalence at the animal-level resulted three times higher in sheep compared to cattle (37.8% vs. 12.0%; chi(2) = 270.10, P < 0.001). The prevalence at the herd-level was also higher in sheep than in cattle (87.2% vs. 68.5%; chi(2) = 9.52, P < 0.01). The multivariate analysis showed a higher risk of seropositivity for cattle aged 67-107 months (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.86-4.18), cattle >107 months of age (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.36-3.14) and mixed breed cattle (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11-2.72). A herd size >92 animals was recognized as herd-level risk factor in cattle (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.67-28.37). The risk of being seropositive was double in sheep belonging to flocks >600 animals (odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.63-2.56). Sheep were confirmed to be the most exposed species. Nevertheless, the prevalence observed in cattle also suggests the potential involvement of this species in the circulation of the pathogen in the area. Seven confirmed human Q fever cases were reported. In five out of seven cases there was at least one exposed herd within a 5 km buffer. Even though the source of the infection was not identified, the possibility of C. burnetii circulating in the livestock and human population in the study area cannot be overlooked. The integration between veterinary and human surveillance will be crucial to understand the spread of this zoonosis and to support the adoption of appropriate control measures.