Characterization of Total and Unprotonated (Free) Nicotine Content of Nicotine Pouch Products
Characterization of Total and Unprotonated (Free) Nicotine Content of Nicotine Pouch Products
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntab030
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发表时间：
2021-05-26
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Watson, Clifford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stanfill, Stephen;Tran, Hang;Watson, Clifford
简介：尼古丁袋产品，含有尼古丁但不含烟叶材料的口服无烟产品，最近已进入美国市场。现有数据表明，自2018年以来，这些产品在美国的销售额有所增加;然而，美国青少年和成年人的使用程度尚不确定。方法：为了分析这些新兴烟草产品的化学成分，我们分析了来自六家制造商的37个尼古丁袋品牌。几乎所有的产品都有风味描述符（36/37），如薄荷、甘草、咖啡、肉桂和水果。使用总尼古丁、产品pH值、适当的pK（a）和Henderson-Hasselbalch方程计算每种产品的游离尼古丁（最容易吸收的形式）的量。结果：尼古丁袋产品在袋内容物质量、含水量（1.12%-47.2%）、碱度（pH 6.86-10.1）和游离尼古丁%（7.7%-99.2%）方面存在差异。总尼古丁含量范围为1.29至6.11 mg/袋，而游离尼古丁范围为0.166至6.07 mg/袋。这些研究结果表明，尼古丁和pH值水平发现在这些尼古丁袋中的一些是类似于传统的烟草产品，如湿鼻烟和鼻烟，这些袋产品的大部分是flavored.Conclusions：虽然这些产品可能缺乏许多烟草相关的化学物质，每个产品分析含有尼古丁，这是上瘾，并可能损害人体健康。考虑到尼古丁袋可能会吸引从新手到有经验的使用者，将这些新兴的烟草产品纳入烟草控制研究，政策和实践非常重要。
Introduction: Nicotine pouch products, oral smokeless products that contain nicotine but no tobacco leaf material, have recently entered the US marketplace. Available data indicate sales of these products in the United States have increased since 2018; however, the extent of use among US youth and adults is uncertain.Methods: To assay the chemistry of these emerging tobacco products, we analyzed 37 nicotine pouch brands from six total manufacturers. Almost all of the products had flavor descriptors (36 of 37), such as mint, licorice, coffee, cinnamon, and fruit.The amount of free nicotine, the form most easily absorbed, was calculated for each product using total nicotine, product pH, the appropriate pK(a), and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.Results: Nicotine pouch products varied in pouch content mass, moisture content (1.12%-47.2%), alkalinity (pH 6.86-10.1), and % free nicotine (7.7%-99.2%). Total nicotine content ranged from 1.29 to 6.11 mg/pouch, whereas free nicotine ranged from 0.166 to 6.07 mg/pouch. These findings indicate that nicotine and pH levels found in some of these nicotine pouches are similar to conventional tobacco products, such as moist snuff and snus, and that most of these pouch products are flavored.Conclusions: Although these products likely lack many tobacco-related chemicals, each product analyzed contained nicotine, which is both addictive and can harm human health. Given that nicotine pouches may appeal to a spectrum of users, from novice to experienced users, it is important to include these emerging tobacco products in tobacco control research, policy, and practice.