Seasonality of mood and behavior in the Old Order Amish.
Seasonality of mood and behavior in the Old Order Amish.
复制标题
旧秩序阿米什人情绪和行为的季节性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2012.10.019
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Langenberg,P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Raheja,UttamK;Stephens,SarahH;Mitchell,BraxtonD;Rohan,KellyJ;Vaswani,Dipika;Balis,TheodoraG;Nijjar,GaganV;Sleemi,Aamar;Pollin,ToniI;Ryan,Kathleen;Reeves,GloriaM;Weitzel,Nancy;Morrissey,Mary;Yousufi,Hassaan;Langenberg,P
背景/目的我们检查了宾夕法尼亚州兰开斯特县旧秩序阿米什人的季节性和冬季季节性情感障碍（SAD），这是一个禁止在家中使用网络电灯的独特人群。方法我们使用季节性模式评估问卷（SPAQ）对 1306 名阿米什成年人进行了 SAD 估计，并比较了男性和女性、年轻人和老年人之间的 SAD 和总 SAD 频率（即存在 SAD 或亚综合征型 SAD），以及对（曾经与从未听说过）悲伤的认识。使用最大似然法估计全球季节性得分 (GSS) 的遗传力，包括捕捉共同环境影响的家庭效应。结果平均 (±SD) GSS 为 4.36 (±3.38)。 SAD 的患病率为 0.84% (95% CI: 0.36–1.58)，总 SAD 的患病率为 2.59% (95% CI: 1.69–3.73)。调整年龄、性别和家庭影响后，GSS 的遗传力为 0.14±0.06 (SE) (p=0.002)。局限性包括 SPAQ 可能高估 SAD 发生率、可能的选择偏倚和回忆偏倚以及研究的普遍性有限。结论在阿米什人中，GSS 和 SAD 患病率低于早期基于 SPAQ 的其他主要白种人研究中观察到的患病率人口。 SAD 的低遗传力表明环境影响占主导地位。意识、年龄和性别对 SAD 风险的影响与之前的研究相似。确定阿米什人面对季节性变化时抵抗季节性情感障碍的因素，可以提出新的预防和治疗方法，以减少季节性情感障碍对普通人群的影响。
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVEWe examined seasonality and winter seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in the Old Order Amish of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, a unique population that prohibits use of network electric light in their homes.METHODSWe estimated SAD using the seasonal pattern assessment questionnaire (SPAQ) in 1306 Amish adults and compared the frequencies of SAD and total SAD (i.e., presence of either SAD or subsyndromal-SAD) between men and women, young and old, and awareness of (ever vs. never heard about) SAD. Heritability of global seasonality score (GSS) was estimated using the maximum likelihood method, including a household effect to capture shared environmental effects.RESULTSThe mean (±SD) GSS was 4.36 (±3.38). Prevalence was 0.84% (95% CI: 0.36–1.58) for SAD and 2.59% (95% CI: 1.69–3.73) for total SAD. Heritability of GSS was 0.14±0.06 (SE) (p=0.002) after adjusting for age, gender, and household effects.LIMITATIONSLimitations include likely overestimation of the rates of SAD by SPAQ, possible selection bias and recall bias, and limited generalizability of the study.CONCLUSIONSIn the Amish, GSS and SAD prevalence were lower than observed in earlier SPAQ-based studies in other predominantly Caucasian populations. Low heritability of SAD suggests dominant environmental effects. The effects of awareness, age and gender on SAD risk were similar as in previous studies. Identifying factors of resilience to SAD in the face of seasonal changes in the Amish could suggest novel preventative and therapeutic approaches to reduce the impact of SAD in the general population.