Clostridium perfringens Toxins
Clostridium perfringens Toxins
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产气荚膜梭菌毒素
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通讯作者：
Feryal Sadiq
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作者：
Feryal Sadiq
产气荚膜梭菌是一种重要的致病菌，可引起临床危重疾病。C..A型产气荚膜杆菌产生两种类型的毒素，即阿尔法毒素和内毒素。它们具有不同的依恋、内化机制和结构，导致它们具有不同的功能和几种疾病。甲型毒素是细菌产生的一种蛋白质，一旦侵入细胞双层膜的流动性，就会引起气体坏疽。然而，内毒素通过迅速形成毛孔，侵入肠腔内的多个受体，紧密连接中断而导致胃肠道(GI)疾病。虽然这两种毒素在一般分子结构上有相似之处，但它们在活性结构域上有独特的区别。然而，α毒素和内毒素分别具有内源性磷脂酶C(PLC)和C末端结构域，它们分别负责毒力生物学活性。尽管低剂量的内毒素会导致细胞凋亡，而高剂量的内毒素会导致细胞胀亡，但目前内毒素已被用于癌症治疗和疫苗接种等临床用途。另外，产气荚膜梭菌存在于土壤、水和动物的肠道中，不仅是食源性人类疾病，也是非食源性疾病。通过在90分钟内从55°C快速烹调到15°C并储存在冰箱/冰柜温度下，可以成功地防止食品中毒。这篇文章将说明这两种毒素的作用模式以及它们如何导致疾病。
Clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen known to cause critical clinical disease. C . perfringens type A strains produces two types of toxins which is alpha-toxin and endotoxin. They have different attachment, internalization mechanisms and structures that lead them to diverse functions and several diseases. Alpha-toxin is a protein produces by the bacteria and cause gas gangrene once it invades the cell bilayer membrane’s fluidity. However, endotoxin cause Gastrointestinal (GI) Disease by rapid pores creating, invasion of the toxin to multiple receptors in intestine lumen, tight junction disruption. Although there are similarities in general molecular structure for both toxins, they obtain unique differentiae in the active domains. However, alpha-toxin and endotoxin have endogenous phospholipase C (PLC) and C-terminal domain that responsible for the virulence biological activities respectively. Despite that low dose of the endotoxins leads to apoptosis and high dose leads to oncosis, the endotoxin has been used now in clinical purposes such as cancer therapy and vaccination. Additionally , C. perfringens is not only foodborne human diseases but also non-foodborne disease since it has been founded in soil, water and animal’s gut. Food poising can be prevented successfully through rapid cooking from 55 to 15°C within 90 minutes and store in refrigerator/freezer temperatures. This paper will illustrate the mode of action of both toxins and how they lead to cause illness.