Farming and multi-resource subsistence in the third and second millennium BC: archaeobotanical evidence from Karuo
Farming and multi-resource subsistence in the third and second millennium BC: archaeobotanical evidence from Karuo
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DOI：
10.1007/s12520-021-01281-9
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发表时间：
2021-02
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Jixiang Song;Yuanyuan Gao;Li Tang;Zhengwei Zhang;Mana Hayashi Tang;Hailun Xu;T. Wangyal;Haibing Yuan;Lan Li;Yongxian Li;Shargan Wangdue;Xinyi Liu;Hongliang Lu
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作者：
Jixiang Song;Yuanyuan Gao;Li Tang;Zhengwei Zhang;Mana Hayashi Tang;Hailun Xu;T. Wangyal;Haibing Yuan;Lan Li;Yongxian Li;Shargan Wangdue;Xinyi Liu;Hongliang Lu
在过去的几年里，考古植物学研究已经阐明了作物在亚洲传播和适应的大部分过程。然而，发展适合西藏高海拔环境的耕作系统还需要更深入的考虑。在本文中，我们介绍了对卡若（西藏东部公元前三千年遗址）进行系统考古植物学调查的结果。我们认为，该地点可能进行小米种植，并且这可能是 2700 至 2100 卡路里经济的一个重要方面。公元前。公元前二千年中期之后，小米在耕作系统中的作用可能有所下降，在此期间小麦（一种起源于西南亚的谷物）出现在该地区。除了农业之外，还有觅食、狩猎和捕鱼的证据，表明存在多样化的生存策略。人类饮食的多样化可能促成了该地点的长期占领。从广阔的区域视角来看，卡若人采取的多样化的生存策略为理解青藏高原的早期生活方式提供了新的见解。
Over the past years, archaeobotanical studies have clarified much of the process of dispersal and adaptation of crops across Asia. However, the development of farming systems that could function in the high-altitude environments of Tibet requires more in-depth consideration. In this article, we present the results of the systematic archaeobotanical investigation at Karuo, a third millennium BC site in eastern Tibet. We argue that millet cultivation was possibly practiced at the site and that it was likely an important aspect of the economy from 2700 to 2100 cal. BC. The role of millet in the cultivation system might have declined after the mid-second millennium BC, during which time wheat—a grain originating in southwest Asia—appeared at the site. In addition to farming, evidence of foraging, hunting, and fishing are present suggesting a diverse subsistence strategy. The diversification of human diets may have contributed to the long-term occupation of the site. Taking a broad regional perspective into account, the diverse spectrum of subsistence strategy engaged by Karuo people provides new insights into the understanding of early lifeways on the Tibetan Plateau.