Theory of Connectivity: Nature and Nurture of Cell Assemblies and Cognitive Computation.
Theory of Connectivity: Nature and Nurture of Cell Assemblies and Cognitive Computation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2016.00034
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tsien JZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li M;Liu J;Tsien JZ
理查德·西蒙（Richard Semon）和唐纳德·赫布（Donald Hebb）是最早提出细胞集合概念的人之一，细胞集合是一组连贯或顺序激活的神经元，代表着记忆、记忆或概念。尽管人们重新燃起了对这一百年思想的兴趣，但细胞组装的概念仍然定义不清，其工作原理也知之甚少。细胞组装体的大小是多少？细胞组装应该如何组织？赫布细胞集合背后的计算逻辑是什么？在细胞组装的层面上，自然与养育如何相互作用？与普遍认为的成熟但幼稚的细胞组装中的随机性相反，连接理论假设大脑由发育中预先编程的细胞组装组成，称为功能连接基序（FCM）。这种FCM内的主细胞由基于2的幂的数学原理组织，该原理指导神经元回路中的具体到一般组合连接模式的构建，从而产生全方位的具体特征、各种关系模式和广义知识。预计这种预先配置的规范计算在许多电路中是进化上保守的，从这些编码记忆痕迹和想象到决策和运动控制。虽然基于2的幂的布线和计算逻辑在个体的认知能力上设置了数学边界，但最充分的智力潜力可以通过优化的天性和培养来实现。这一理论还可能开辟一条新的途径来研究基因突变和各种药物如何损害或改善大脑电路的计算逻辑。
Richard Semon and Donald Hebb are among the firsts to put forth the notion of cell assembly—a group of coherently or sequentially-activated neurons—to represent percept, memory, or concept. Despite the rekindled interest in this century-old idea, the concept of cell assembly still remains ill-defined and its operational principle is poorly understood. What is the size of a cell assembly? How should a cell assembly be organized? What is the computational logic underlying Hebbian cell assemblies? How might Nature vs. Nurture interact at the level of a cell assembly? In contrast to the widely assumed randomness within the mature but naïve cell assembly, the Theory of Connectivity postulates that the brain consists of the developmentally pre-programmed cell assemblies known as the functional connectivity motif (FCM). Principal cells within such FCM is organized by the power-of-two-based mathematical principle that guides the construction of specific-to-general combinatorial connectivity patterns in neuronal circuits, giving rise to a full range of specific features, various relational patterns, and generalized knowledge. This pre-configured canonical computation is predicted to be evolutionarily conserved across many circuits, ranging from these encoding memory engrams and imagination to decision-making and motor control. Although the power-of-two-based wiring and computational logic places a mathematical boundary on an individual’s cognitive capacity, the fullest intellectual potential can be brought about by optimized nature and nurture. This theory may also open up a new avenue to examining how genetic mutations and various drugs might impair or improve the computational logic of brain circuits.