Species Diversity Associated with Foundation Species in Temperate and Tropical Forests
Species Diversity Associated with Foundation Species in Temperate and Tropical Forests
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DOI：
10.3390/f10020128
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zimmerman, Jess K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellison, Aaron M.;Buckley, Hannah L.;Zimmerman, Jess K.
基础物种定义和构建生态群落，但在它们衰退之前很难识别。然而，它们在生态系统中的决定性作用表明，在它们仍然普遍和丰富的时候，它们应该得到高度优先的保护和管理。通过对西半球温带-热带梯度的6个大型森林动态样地的对比分析，基于潜在基础物种的大小-频率和丰度-直径分布，以及它们与伴生木本植物物种多样性的空间关联，确定了潜在基础物种的统计指纹。潜在基础种是常见的反j型大小-频率分布的异常值，在大多数空间滞后和方向上对α多样性有负影响，对β多样性有正影响。潜在的基础物种也更可能出现在温带森林中，但基础物种群可能出现在热带森林中。随着基础物种（或物种群）的减少，相关的景观尺度（beta）多样性也可能随之下降。保护生物多样性的这一组成部分可能是在基础物种仍然普遍时保护它们的最重要结果。
Foundation species define and structure ecological communities but are difficult to identify before they are declining. Yet, their defining role in ecosystems suggests they should be a high priority for protection and management while they are still common and abundant. We used comparative analyses of six large forest dynamics plots spanning a temperate-to-tropical gradient in the Western Hemisphere to identify statistical fingerprints of potential foundation species based on their size-frequency and abundance-diameter distributions, and their spatial association with five measures of diversity of associated woody plant species. Potential foundation species are outliers from the common reverse-J size-frequency distribution, and have negative effects on alpha diversity and positive effects on beta diversity at most spatial lags and directions. Potential foundation species also are more likely in temperate forests, but foundational species groups may occur in tropical forests. As foundation species (or species groups) decline, associated landscape-scale (beta) diversity is likely to decline along with them. Preservation of this component of biodiversity may be the most important consequence of protecting foundation species while they are still common.