The effects of skull flattening on suchian jaw muscle evolution

The effects of skull flattening on suchian jaw muscle evolution
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头骨扁平化对此类颌骨肌肉进化的影响

DOI:
10.1002/ar.24912
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Anatomical Record
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Holliday, Casey M.
Holliday, Casey M.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sellers, Kaleb C.;Nieto, Mauro Nicolas;Degrange, Federico J.;Pol, Diego;Clark, James M.;Middleton, Kevin M.;Holliday, Casey M.

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下颌肌肉是脊椎动物进食装置的关键特征。下颌肌肉组织位于头骨中,其形态反映了多种功能之间的折衷,包括进食、容纳感觉结构和防御,并且头骨限制了下颌肌肉的几何形状。因此,颌部肌肉解剖结构对于咬合力的产生可能不是最理想的。鳄鱼是一群脊椎动物,它们的扁平头骨能产生有史以来最高的咬合力,适合它们的水生伏击捕食风格。然而,鳄鱼科的基础成员(例如急鳄)是陆生食肉动物,具有拟形的高头骨,因此现代鳄鱼的起源涉及进食装置及其下颌肌肉的实质性重组。在这里,我们重建了鳄鱼和鳄类化石的系统发育范围内的下颌肌肉,以研究头骨扁平对肌肉解剖学的影响。我们使用成像数据创建了现存鳄类和化石鳄类的 3D 模型,展示了鳄鱼头骨的进化,并使用骨学关联来重建肌肉附着部位。我们发现早期鳄类化石的下颌肌肉解剖结构反映了祖龙的祖先状况,但在导致后鳄类的谱系中经历了逐渐的转变。在早期鳄类化石中,下颌后收肌和翼状肌 (mPT) 大小相当,但在后鳄类中,下颌肌肉组织以 mPT 为主。正如预测的那样,我们发现头骨较扁平的类群产生高咬合力的肌肉方向效率较低。这项研究强调了脊椎动物进化中的伟大转变之一中颌部肌肉的多样性和进化。
Jaw muscles are key features of the vertebrate feeding apparatus. The jaw musculature is housed in the skull whose morphology reflects a compromise between multiple functions, including feeding, housing sensory structures, and defense, and the skull constrains jaw muscle geometry. Thus, jaw muscle anatomy may be suboptimally oriented for the production of bite force. Crocodylians are a group of vertebrates that generate the highest bite forces ever measured with a flat skull suited to their aquatic ambush predatory style. However, basal members of the crocodylian line (e.g.,Prestosuchus) were terrestrial predators with plesiomorphically tall skulls, and thus the origin of modern crocodylians involved a substantial reorganization of the feeding apparatus and its jaw muscles. Here, we reconstruct jaw muscles across a phylogenetic range of crocodylians and fossil suchians to investigate the impact of skull flattening on muscle anatomy. We used imaging data to create 3D models of extant and fossil suchians that demonstrate the evolution of the crocodylian skull, using osteological correlates to reconstruct muscle attachment sites. We found that jaw muscle anatomy in early fossil suchians reflected the ancestral archosaur condition but experienced progressive shifts in the lineage leading to Metasuchia. In early fossil suchians, musculus adductor mandibulae posterior and musculus pterygoideus (mPT) were of comparable size, but by Metasuchia, the jaw musculature is dominated by mPT. As predicted, we found that taxa with flatter skulls have less efficient muscle orientations for the production of high bite force. This study highlights the diversity and evolution of jaw muscles in one of the great transformations in vertebrate evolution.
DOI: 10.1093/iob/obz006
发表时间: 2019
期刊: Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England)
影响因子: --
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影响因子: 2.6
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030471
发表时间: 2012
期刊: PloS one
影响因子: 3.7
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