The increasing value of education to health
The increasing value of education to health
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.02.047
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Smith, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldman, Dana;Smith, James P.
本文评估了健康和教育程度之间的关系在过去三十年中的变化。我们使用美国国家健康访谈调查研究了五种慢性疾病关节炎，糖尿病，心脏病，高血压和肺部疾病的疾病患病率和自我报告的健康趋势。样本仅限于40-64岁的非西班牙裔白人，以关注教育的价值，而不是改变少数民族人口的代表性。我们发现，与额外的学校教育相关的健康福利随着时间的推移上升了10个百分点以上，以自我报告的健康状况为衡量标准。这可以归因于教育在中年期间患主要慢性病的可能性方面的差距越来越大，以及每种疾病患者的健康结果更好，教育在实现更好健康方面的价值在过去25年中有所增加;无论是在预防疾病发作方面，还是在疾病患者中促进更好的健康结果。除了更好地获得医疗保险外，受教育程度较高的人越来越多地适应更好的健康行为，特别是不吸烟和进行剧烈运动，并从改善医疗技术中获益。教育造成的健康差距日益扩大是一个重要的社会问题，可能需要采取有针对性的干预措施。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
This paper assesses how the relationship between health and educational attainment has changed over the last three decades. We examine trends in disease prevalence and self-reported health using the US National Health Interview Survey for five chronic conditions arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and lung diseases. The sample is limited to non-Hispanic Whites ages 40-64 to focus on the value of education and not changing representation of minority populations.We find that health benefits associated with additional schooling rose over time by more than ten percentage points as measured by self-reported health status. This can be attributed to both a growing disparity by education in the probability of having major chronic diseases during middle age, and better health outcomes for those with each disease.The value of education in achieving better health has increased over the last 25 years; both in protecting against onset of disease and promoting better health outcomes amongst those with a disease. Besides better access to health insurance, the more educated increasingly adapted better health behaviors, particularly not smoking and engaging in vigorous excercise, and reaped the benefits of improving medical technology. Rising health disparities by education are an important social concern which may require targeted interventions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.