Renewable butadiene: A case for hybrid processing via bio- and chemo-catalysis
Renewable butadiene: A case for hybrid processing via bio- and chemo-catalysis
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可再生丁二烯：生物催化和化学催化混合加工的案例
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132614
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rodgers S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodgers S
1，3-丁二烯是石脑油蒸汽裂解过程中产生的副产品，主要用于轮胎制造。最近，蒸汽裂化器已经转变为使用更经济、更轻的原料如页岩气，产生更少的丁二烯。潜在的短缺，加上对温室气体排放增加的担忧，为可再生能源生产提供了一个独特的机会。本研究以中国某纸浆厂为背景，对可再生丁二烯生产路线的技术经济性和温室气体排放进行了研究。一个混合的生物催化路线，利用黑液，进行了比较，对两个化学催化路线，利用林业残留物和纸浆。混合生物催化路线使用一种新的好氧气体发酵平台，采用热集成超临界水气化和好氧气体发酵来生产乙醛，然后进行化学催化提质（Acet-BD）。两种化学催化路线催化升级生物质衍生的合成气;其中一种路线（Eth-BD）通过乙醇中间体，另一种（Syn-BD）利用一系列商业化的催化技术，丙烯作为中间体。混合生物/化学催化路线Acet-BD是使用名义技术经济投入的唯一有利可图的路线，产生280万美元的净现值和1367万亿美元的最低销售价格。相比之下，两种化学催化路线的最低销售价格分别为1954万亿美元（Eth-BD）和2196万亿美元（Syn-BD），证明了这种新型平台的竞争力。敏感性分析强调设备资本是所有情况下最低销售价格增加的主要因素，Acet-BD路线实现正净现值的概率为19%。此外，由于过程排放量低和生物源碳的固存，所有路线在从摇篮到大门的框架内都产生净负排放。因此，可再生丁二烯生产具有作为纸浆厂残余物的净碳汇的潜力，这些残余物通常用于能源回收。
1,3-butadiene (butadiene) is a by-product produced during naphtha steam cracking, predominantly used in tyre manufacturing. Recently, steam crackers have converted to using more cost effective, lighter feedstocks such as shale gas, yielding less butadiene. The potential shortfall, coupled with concerns around increasing greenhouse gas emissions, provides a unique opportunity for renewable production. This study investigated the techno-economics and greenhouse gas emissions associated with renewable butadiene production routes within the context of a China located pulp mill. A hybrid bio-catalytic route, utilising black liquor, was compared against two chemo-catalytic routes using forestry residues and pulpwood. The hybrid bio-catalytic route uses a novel aerobic gas fermentation platform, employing heat integrated supercritical water gasification and aerobic gas fermentation to produce acetaldehyde, followed by chemo-catalytic upgrading (Acet-BD). The two chemo-catalytic routes catalytically upgrade biomass derived syngas; where one route (Eth-BD) passes through an ethanol intermediate, and the other (Syn-BD) utilises a series of commercialised catalytic technologies with propene as an intermediate. The hybrid bio/chemo-catalytic route, Acet-BD, was the only route profitable using the nominal techno-economic inputs, producing a Net Present Value of $2.8 million and Minimum Selling Price of $1367 tn−1. In contrast, the two chemo-catalytic routes produced Minimum Selling Prices of $1954 tn−1(Eth-BD) and $2196 tn−1(Syn-BD), demonstrating the competitiveness of this novel platform. Sensitivity analyses highlighted the equipment capital as the main contributor to increased Minimum Selling Price for all cases, and the Acet-BD route presented a 19% probability of achieving a positive net present value. Moreover, owed to the low process emissions and sequestration of biogenic carbon, all routes produced net negative emissions within a cradle-to-gate framework. As such, renewable butadiene production has potential as a net carbon sink for pulp mill residues conventionally destined for energy recovery.