Rapid Review of Social Contact Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Rapid Review of Social Contact Patterns During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1097/ede.0000000000001412
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nelson K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu CY;Berlin J;Kiti MC;Del Fava E;Grow A;Zagheni E;Melegaro A;Jenness SM;Omer SB;Lopman B;Nelson K
补充数字内容可在文本中找到。物理距离措施旨在减少人与人之间的接触，这是严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）传播的主要驱动因素。为应对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间对人类接触的前所未有的限制，研究测量了实施物理距离措施下的社交接触模式。本快速回顾综合了COVID-19大流行期间不断变化的社会接触模式的经验数据。我们使用PubMed、Medline、Embase和Google Scholar，按照系统性综述和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行了系统性综述。我们将疫情期间观察到的接触者分布与各国疫情前的数据进行了对比，以探索采取物理距离措施期间接触模式的变化。我们确定了12项报告COVID-19大流行期间社会接触模式的研究。我们在欧洲国家进行了八项研究，并在二零二零年春季政府宣布封锁的初步缓解期内收集了十一项数据。有些研究在放宽最初的缓解措施后收集了更多的数据。大多数研究机构报告称，平均每人每天接触2至5人，与COVID前的比率（每天接触7至26人）相比大幅下降。这种减少在家庭以外的接触中尤为明显。因此，按年龄分列的自愿混合水平大幅下降。在放松最初的缓解措施后，平均接触率有所增加，但没有恢复到COVID前的水平。放松后接触的增加是由工作年龄的成年人驱动的。物理距离措施期间接触模式变化的信息可以指导SARS-CoV-2传播数学模型中接触模式的更真实表示。
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Physical distancing measures aim to reduce person-to-person contact, a key driver of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. In response to unprecedented restrictions on human contact during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, studies measured social contact patterns under the implementation of physical distancing measures. This rapid review synthesizes empirical data on the changing social contact patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a systematic review using PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We descriptively compared the distribution of contacts observed during the pandemic to pre-COVID data across countries to explore changes in contact patterns during physical distancing measures. We identified 12 studies reporting social contact patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight studies were conducted in European countries and eleven collected data during the initial mitigation period in the spring of 2020 marked by government-declared lockdowns. Some studies collected additional data after relaxation of initial mitigation. Most study settings reported a mean of between 2 and 5 contacts per person per day, a substantial reduction compared to pre-COVID rates, which ranged from 7 to 26 contacts per day. This reduction was pronounced for contacts outside of the home. Consequently, levels of assortative mixing by age substantially declined. After relaxation of initial mitigation, mean contact rates increased but did not return to pre-COVID levels. Increases in contacts post-relaxation were driven by working-age adults. Information on changes in contact patterns during physical distancing measures can guide more realistic representations of contact patterns in mathematical models for SARS-CoV-2 transmission.