Earthworm populations and species distributions under no-till and conventional tillage in Indiana and Illinois
Earthworm populations and species distributions under no-till and conventional tillage in Indiana and Illinois
复制标题
印第安纳州和伊利诺伊州免耕和常规耕作下的蚯蚓种群和物种分布
DOI：
10.1016/s0038-0717(96)00187-3
复制
发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
G. Weesies
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Kladivko;Neela M. Akhouri;G. Weesies
蚯蚓通常在维持或改善土壤物理条件方面发挥着重要作用，并且在少耕制度下，蚯蚓数量通常会增加。我们研究的目的是确定美国印第安纳州和伊利诺伊州各种土壤类型长期免耕与常规耕作下的蚯蚓种群和物种分布。14 个配对地点位于农民的田地里。每个配对地点均由相同土壤类型的免耕田和常规耕作田组成，且位置尽可能靠近。田地实行玉米（Zea mays L.）-大豆（Glycine max）轮作，并在大豆作物种植后的春季进行蚯蚓计数。浅层蚯蚓（endogee）的数量范围为每 m−2 2 到 343 只蚯蚓。在 14 个配对地点中，8 个地点的免耕系统中的蚯蚓数量高于传统系统，4 个地点的两个系统中的蚯蚓数量大致相同，还有 2 个地点的免耕系统中的蚯蚓数量略低于传统系统。在大多数地点，浅栖物种主要是 Apporectodea tuberculata 和 A. trapezoides。一些地点还拥有大量的红蚓。通过观察贝丘来记录是否存在重要的土生植物种群。九个免耕地点和三个常规地点显示出土生植物的显着活性。讨论了耕作管理的影响以及额外应用研究的必要性。
Earthworms often play an important role in maintaining or improving soil physical conditions, and earthworm populations often increase under reduced tillage systems. The objective of our study was to determine earthworm populations and species distributions under long-term no-till vs conventional tillage on a variety of soil types in the states of Indiana and Illinois, U.S.A. Fourteen paired sites were located on farmers' fields. Each paired site consisted of a no-till and conventional tillage field on the same soil type, located as close together as possible. Fields were in corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max) rotation, and earthworm counts were made in the spring following a soybean crop. Populations of shallow-dwelling earthworms (endogees) ranged from 2 to 343 earthworms per m−2. Of the 14 paired sites, eight sites had higher earthworm populations in no-till than conventional, four sites had roughly equal populations in both systems, and two sites had slightly lower populations in no-till than conventional. At most sites, shallow-dwelling species were dominated by Apporectodea tuberculata and A. trapezoides. Some of the sites also had significant populations of Lumbricus rubellus. The presence or absence of significant L. terrestris populations was noted by observing middens. Nine no-till and three conventional sites showed significant activity of L. terrestris. Implications for tillage management and the need for additional applied research are discussed.