Vegetarian dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer in a low-risk population
Vegetarian dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer in a low-risk population
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114516000751
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发表时间：
2016-05-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Fraser, Gary E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Penniecook-Sawyers, Jason A.;Jaceldo-Siegl, Karen;Fraser, Gary E.
在美国女性的癌症中，乳腺癌（BC）的发病率和死亡率位居第二。 BC 与饮食的关系一直不一致。评估与饮食模式关联的研究不太常见，并且反映了个人的整体饮食。我们将基督复临安息日会健康研究 2 (AHS-2) 的美国女性的饮食模式与乳腺癌风险联系起来，该研究是 2002 年至 2007 年间招募的 96 001 名受试者的前瞻性队列。对先前验证的 FFQ 的回答用于将受试者分类为纯素食、乳蛋素食、鱼素食、半素食和非素食饮食模式。 BC 事件是通过将 AHS-2 受试者与来自 48 个州癌症登记处的数据进行匹配来确定的。统计分析使用比例风险回归分析和先验选择的协变量。从 50 404 名女性参与者（26 193 名素食者）中，我们发现了 892 例 BC 病例，其中 478 例为素食者。与非素食者相比，所有素食者的总体风险并未显着降低（风险比 (HR) 0.97；CI 0.84, 1.11；P = 0.64）。然而，与非素食者相比，素食者的点估计值始终较低（但不显着）（所有情况：HR 0.78；CI 0.58、1.05；P = 0.09）。总之，与非素食者相比，该队列中遵循素食饮食模式的参与者患 BC 的风险并未降低，尽管纯素食者的风险可能较低。这些发现补充了将素食饮食与乳腺癌风险联系起来的非常有限的文献，并且可以帮助营养学家评估这些饮食的影响。研究结果还将推动对纯素饮食及其特殊特征的进一步评估。
Among cancers in American women, breast cancer (BC) has the second highest incidence and mortality. The association of BC with diet has been inconsistent. Studies that evaluate associations with dietary patterns are less common and reflect an individual's whole diet. We associated dietary patterns with the risk of BC in American women of the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2), a prospective cohort of 96 001 subjects recruited between 2002 and 2007. Answers to a previously validated FFQ were used to classify subjects to vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, semi-vegetarian and non-vegetarian dietary patterns. Incident BC were identified by matching AHS-2 subjects to data from forty-eight state cancer registries. Statistical analyses used proportional hazard regression analyses with covariates that were chosen a priori. From 50 404 female participants (26 193 vegetarians), we identified 892 incident BC cases, with 478 cases among vegetarians. As compared with non-vegetarians, all vegetarians combined did not have a significantly lower risk (hazard ratio (HR) 0.97; CI 0.84, 1.11; P = 0.64). However, vegans showed consistently lower (but non-significant) point estimates when compared with non-vegetarians (all cases: HR 0.78; CI 0.58, 1.05; P = 0.09). In summary, participants in this cohort who follow a vegetarian dietary pattern did not experience a lower risk of BC as compared with non-vegetarians, although lower risk in vegans is possible. These findings add to the very limited literature associating vegetarian diets with BC risk and can assist nutritionists when evaluating the impact of these diets. The findings will also motivate further evaluation of vegan diets and their special characteristics.