Emptying the Nest: Older Men in the United States, 1880-2000
Emptying the Nest: Older Men in the United States, 1880-2000
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00332.x
复制
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gutmann, Myron P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gratton, Brian;Gutmann, Myron P.
从1880年到2000年，60岁及以上的已婚男性只与妻子一起生活在空巢家庭中的比例从19%上升到78%。来自美国人口普查的数据显示，这种转变有一半以上发生在1940年至1970年的30年期间，1880年至1940年期间略有增长，1970年之后增长非常缓慢。有两篇文献对老年人与子女共同居住的减少提出了人口、文化和经济方面的解释，但没有一篇文献充分解释了世纪中期的急剧变化。对影响老年男子生活安排的各种因素进行的总体比较和多变量分析表明，在关键的30年期间，所有年龄组的经济都取得了进步，沿着生育率和移民的趋势，最能解释为什么到21世纪初，空巢成为老年男子的主要家庭形式。
Between 1880 and 2000, the percentage of married men 60 and older living only with their wives in empty nest households rose from 19 percent to 78 percent. Data drawn from the US census show that more than half of this transformation occurred in the 30-year period from 1940 to 1970, bookended by moderate increases between 1880 and 1940 and very modest increases after 1970. Two literatures have presented demographic, cultural, and economic explanations for the decline in elderly co-residence with their children, but none adequately accounts for a sharp change in the mid-twentieth century. Both aggregate comparisons and multivariate analysis of factors influencing the living arrangements of elderly men suggest that economic advances for all age groups in the critical 30-year period, along with trends in fertility and immigration, best explain the three-stage shift that made the empty nest the dominant household form for older men by the beginning of the twenty-first century.