The irruption of Airbnb and its effects on hotel profitability: An analysis of Barcelona's hotel sector
The irruption of Airbnb and its effects on hotel profitability: An analysis of Barcelona's hotel sector
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DOI：
10.3926/ic.921
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Galiana, Jorge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aznar, Juan Pedro;Sayeras, Josep M.;Galiana, Jorge
目的：本研究的目的是分析附近的替代产品，主要是Airbnb公寓或客房的存在，和对收入和盈利能力的hotels.Design/方法的影响之间的关系的存在：实证研究是基于分析的财务信息提供的年度报告的样本组成的43家酒店（11.78%的人口）。作为盈利能力的解释变量，我们考虑了Airbnb上列出的距离每家酒店不超过一公里的公寓。考虑到大多数使用的变量不遵循正态分布，盈利能力和解释变量之间的关系的存在已经使用非参数检验进行了测试，即斯皮尔曼相关系数和Kruskall-Wallis test.Findings：我们发现存在的Airbnb公寓和净资产收益率之间的正相关性。这一事实可以通过将Airbnb公寓的存在视为一个变量来解释，该变量从游客的角度衡量该位置的吸引力。位于市中心或城市主要旅游区附近的酒店具有较高的盈利水平。我们还发现没有证据表明盈利能力和星星类别之间的任何关系; 4-和3星星酒店经历了，平均而言，在2008年和2013年之间的收入下降较低，他们也获得了较高的平均水平的盈利能力在2013年相比，5-星星酒店的上层部分。研究限制/影响：这项研究已在巴塞罗那市进行。未来使用相同方法的研究应应用于其他拥有重要酒店业的城市，以强化我们的发现。这项研究的主要影响是指作为一个关键的战略变量在酒店的位置的重要性，并在系统的变化客户使用的评价质量的酒店，根据这一传统的星星类别系统已部分取代了新的信息来源，通过新的通信技术。独创性/价值：本文是学者们为更深入地了解新形式共享经济的影响而做出的第一批贡献之一，重点关注酒店业。
Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the existence of a relationship between the presence of nearby substitute products, mainly Airbnb flats or rooms, and the effect on the revenue and profitability of hotels.Design/methodology: The empirical study is based on the analysis of financial information provided in the annual reports of a sample consisting of 43 hotels (11.78% of the population). As an explanatory variable for profitability, we have considered the presence of apartments listed in Airbnb that are no farther than one kilometer from each hotel. Considering that most of the variables used do not follow a normal distribution, the existence of a relationship between profitability and the explanatory variables has been tested using non-parametric tests, namely, the Spearman correlation coefficient and Kruskall-Wallis test.Findings: We found a positive correlation between presence of Airbnb apartments and return on equity. This fact can be explained by considering the presence of Airbnb apartments as a variable that measures the attractiveness of the location from a tourist's point of view. Hotels located near the city center or main tourist areas of the city have a higher level of profitability. We also found no evidence of any relationship between profitability and star category; 4-and 3star hotels have experienced, on average, a lower drop in revenues between 2008 and 2013 and they also obtained a higher average level of profitability in 2013 as compared to the upper segment of 5-star hotels.Research limitations/implications: This research has been conducted in the city of Barcelona. Future research using the same methodology should be applied to other cities with an important hospitality sector to reinforce our findings. The main implications of this research refer to the importance of location as a key strategic variable in hospitality, and to the change in the system customers use to evaluate the quality of a hotel, according to which the traditional star category system has been partially replaced by new sources of information available through the new communication technologies.Originality/value: This paper is one of the first contributions that scholars have made to obtain a deeper understanding of the effects of the new forms of the sharing economy, focusing on the hospitality industry.