Calf and disease factors affecting growth in female Holstein calves in Florida, USA
Calf and disease factors affecting growth in female Holstein calves in Florida, USA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00059-7
复制
发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bennett, FL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donovan, GA;Dohoo, IR;Bennett, FL
对1991年在佛罗里达两个大型奶牛场出生的大约3300头雌性荷斯坦小牛进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，以确定在出生到14个月龄之间影响生产性能(生长)的犊牛水平因素。出生时收集的每头小牛的数据包括来源农场、出生日期、体重、骨盆高度和血清总蛋白(衡量初乳免疫球蛋白吸收的指标)。根据佛罗里达大学农业研究站收集的气象数据，出生季节被分为夏季和冬季。在大约6个月和14个月大时收集的数据包括年龄、体重、骨盆高度和马肩隆高度。计算每个生长期的体重和身高的增长；生长期1(GP1)=出生到6个月，生长期2(GP2)=6到14个月。收集的健康数据包括首次治疗日期和治疗腹泻、脐炎、败血症、肺炎和角结膜炎等疾病的次数。在调整了疾病的发生后，被动转移初乳免疫球蛋白对体重增加或骨盆高度增长没有显著影响。在GP1中，出生季节、腹泻、败血症和呼吸道疾病的发生是降低小母牛生长(身高和体重)的显著变量，这些变量加上农场、出生体重和收集6个月数据时的确切年龄，分别解释了GP1中体重增加和骨盆高度增长的20%和31%的变异。在6个月前因肺炎而接受治疗的天数显著减少了2岁儿童的平均每日体重增加(P<；0.025)，但不影响身高增长。6个月后肺炎的治疗对6个月后的体重或身高增加没有显著影响。脐炎和角结膜炎都不能解释这两个生长期的生长变异性。(C)1998年爱思唯尔科学公司。
A prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine calf-level factors that affect performance (growth) between birth and 14 months of age in a convenience sample of approximately 3300 female Holstein calves born in 1991 on two large Florida dairy farms. Data collected on each calf at birth included farm of origin, birth date, weight, height at the pelvis, and serum total protein (a measure of colostral immunoglobulin absorption). Birth season was dichotomized into summer and winter using meteorological data collected by University of Florida Agricultural Research Stations. Data collected at approximately 6 and 14 months of age included age, weight, height at the pelvis, and height at the withers. Growth in weight and stature (height) was calculated for each growth period; growth period 1 (GP1) = birth to 6 months, and growth period 2 (GP2) = 6 to 14 months. Health data collected included date of initial treatment and number of treatments for the diseases diarrhea, omphalitis, septicemia, pneumonia and keratoconjunctivitis. After adjusting for disease occurrence, passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins had no significant effect on body weight gain or pelvic height growth. Season of birth and occurrence of diarrhea, septicemia and respiratory disease were significant variables decreasing heifer growth (height and weight) in GP1, These variables plus farm, birth weight and exact age when '6 month' data were collected explained 20% and 31% of the variation in body weight gain and pelvic height growth, respectively, in GP1. The number of days treated for pneumonia before 6 months of age significantly decreased average daily weight gain in GP2 (P < 0.025), but did not affect stature growth. Treatment for pneumonia after 6 months of age did not significantly affect weight or height gain after age 6 months. Neither omphalitis nor keratoconjunctivigtis explained variability in growth in either o fthe growth periods. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.