Transgressing Wallace's Line brings hyperdiverse weevils down to earth
Transgressing Wallace's Line brings hyperdiverse weevils down to earth
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DOI：
10.1111/ecog.05128
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发表时间：
2020-06-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Riedel, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Letsch, Harald;Balke, Michael;Riedel, Alexander
华莱士线位于印度-澳大利亚群岛的中心，历史上一直被假设强烈地抑制了扩散。跨越这一屏障的分类群分别面对来自亚洲或澳大利亚的不同生物群，但这些条件在多大程度上影响了殖民谱系的进化，这在很大程度上仍然是未知的。我们研究了三角象属象鼻虫体型、生活方式和生物地理分布的潜在相关性。这些甲虫在叶子和华莱士线以东的凋落物中都高度多样化，但只发生在西部的凋落物中。根据303个物种的系统发育，我们推断出华莱士线的9次交叉事件，都是从东到西的。五个以前生活在树叶上的谱系在越过这个屏障后改变了他们的生活方式，生活在落叶层的栖息地。我们的研究结果表明，三角虎在Sundaland的枯落叶栖息地的分布可能不是在土壤谱系中更容易发生，而是由非生物和/或生物因素造成的。这包括气候的差异，以及澳大利亚-新几内亚、瓦拉科和Sundaland地区不同的掠食性动物。在新几内亚，以三角翅目为可能模型的拟态复合体可能与此相关。
Wallace's Line, located in the heart of the Indo-Australian archipelago, has historically been hypothesized to strongly inhibit dispersal. Taxa crossing this barrier are confronted with different biota of Asian or Australian origin, respectively, but the extent to which these conditions have affected the evolution of the colonizing lineages remains largely unknown. We examined the potential correlations of body size, lifestyle and biogeographical distribution in the weevil genus Trigonopterus. These beetles are highly diverse both on foliage and in litter east of Wallace's Line but occur exclusively in leaf litter in the west. Based on a comprehensive, dated phylogeny of 303 species, we inferred nine crossing events of Wallace's Line, all from east to west. Five previously foliage-dwelling lineages changed their lifestyle to leaf litter habitats after crossing this barrier. Our results indicate that dispersal is not more likely in edaphic lineages, but rather that abiotic and/or biotic factors may be responsible for the exclusive leaf litter habitat of Trigonopterus in Sundaland. This includes differences in climate, and the different predatory faunas of Australia-New Guinea, Wallacea and Sundaland. A mimicry complex in New Guinea with Trigonopterus species as presumable model may be of relevance in this context.