Demographic history, range size and habitat preferences of the groundwater amphipod Niphargus puteanus (C.L. Koch in Panzer, 1836)
Demographic history, range size and habitat preferences of the groundwater amphipod Niphargus puteanus (C.L. Koch in Panzer, 1836)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.limno.2020.125765
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发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
D. Weber;Jean‐François Flot;Hannah Weigand;A. Weigand
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Weber;Jean‐François Flot;Hannah Weigand;A. Weigand
Niphargus puteanus是其属中最古老的描述物种，在过去，被用作任何地下片脚类记录的分类注释。由于这个原因，没有关于其实际范围大小和栖息地偏好的明确知识。我们在这里应用了基于线粒体和核DNA的分子分类学和地理学方法来阐明其分布并推断其人口统计学历史。此外，我们分析了含水层类型和水流状况，以提供一个更清晰的图片物种的生态需求。puteanusis广泛分布在阿尔卑斯山以北，其核心范围在“南德国Scarplands”（SGS）的地貌自然区。此外，孤立的卫星种群存在于陶努斯和绍尔兰，并收集了两个单独的个体在卢森堡和奥地利，分别。在两个单标本记录之间，该物种的最大分布范围为756 km，在SGS内为371 km。观察到非常高的单倍型多样性，揭示了七个单倍型组的存在。所有的单倍型群都存在于SGS中，并表现出不同的空间遗传模式。因此，我们推断出一个高度的人口隔离，与SGS是一个潜在的长期避难所forN。puteanus。样本沿主要水系（莱茵河、多瑙河）沿着的历史漂移可能提供了一种解释卫星种群形成的进化扩散机制。puteanus被发现与裂隙含水层内的快速流动的泉水环境密切相关。因此，该物种应被归类为既cernophile和stygophile，有效地利用资源的表面以及地下泉水沃茨。
Niphargus puteanusis the oldest described species of its genus and, in the past, was used as a taxonomic annotation for any subterranean amphipod record. For that reason, no clear knowledge exists about its actual range size and habitat preferences. We here applied a molecular taxonomic and phylogeographical approach based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to shed light on its distribution and to infer its demographic history. Furthermore, we analysed aquifer types and water flow regimes to provide a clearer picture of the species’ ecological requirements.Our results indicate thatN. puteanusis widely distributed north of the Alps, having its core range in the geomorphological natural region of the ‘South German Scarplands’ (SGS). Additionally, isolated satellite populations exist in the Taunus and the Sauerland, and two single individuals were collected in Luxembourg and in Austria, respectively. The species’ maximal distribution range reaches 756 km between the two single-specimen records and 371 km within the SGS. A very high haplotype diversity was observed, revealing the presence of seven haplotype groups. All the haplogroups were present in the SGS and exhibited distinct spatial-genetic patterns. We thus inferred a high degree of population isolation, with the SGS being a potential long-term refugium forN. puteanus. Historical drift of specimens along major riverine networks (Rhine, Danube) may provide an evolutionary dispersal mechanism explaining the formation of satellite populations.From an ecological perspective, populations ofN. puteanuswere found to be closely associated with fast-flowing spring environments within fissured aquifers. This species should therefore be classified as both crenophile and stygophile, effectively exploiting resources of surface as well as subsurface spring waters.