Genetic basis of color variation in leaf scars induced by the Kanzawa spider mite
Genetic basis of color variation in leaf scars induced by the Kanzawa spider mite
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神泽叶螨引起的叶痕颜色变化的遗传基础
DOI：
10.1046/j.1570-7458.2003.00005.x
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
A. Takafuji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Yano;Miki Kanaya;A. Takafuji
摘要甘扎氏叶螨(Tetranychus Kanzawi Kishida)在寄主叶片上产生的疤痕颜色可分为红色和白色两种。我们对树叶疤痕的颜色进行了双向选择。在每个选定的菌株中，疤痕都变成了均匀的红色或白色(红色和白色菌株)，这表明疤痕的颜色是由基因决定的。品系间的正反交和回交表明，红色对白色完全显性，受单基因座控制。在9种寄主植物中，引起红色或白色疤痕的雌性成虫(红色和白色雌性)的表现指数没有显著差异。无论在个体还是群体水平上，杂合性似乎都没有优势。然而，红色雌性比白色雌性更早使寄主植物落叶。因此，红色雌虫比白色雌虫更早从被侵染的叶子上消失。红色和白色雌性在野外的分布模式支持了这样的假设，即遗传变异是由不同环境中不同的传播成本维持的。
Abstract The color of scars induced on host leaves by the phytophagous spider mite Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae) can be categorized as red or white. We conducted a bi‐directional selection on the colors of leaf scars. In each of the selected strains, scars became uniformly red or white (‘Red’ and ‘White’ strains), indicating that scar color was genetically determined. Reciprocal and back‐crosses between strains suggested that the Red genotype was fully dominant over the White one and was controlled by a single locus. The performance index of adult females that induced red or white scars (‘Red’ and ‘White’ females) did not differ significantly among nine tested host plants. There seemed to be no advantages of heterozygosity at either the individual or the colony level. However, Red females defoliated host plants earlier than did White females. As a consequence, Red females dispersed from infested leaves earlier than White ones. The distribution pattern of Red and White females in the wild supported the hypothesis that genetic variation is maintained by different dispersal costs across environments.