Homokaryotic vs heterokaryotic mycelium in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: different techniques, different results?
Homokaryotic vs heterokaryotic mycelium in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: different techniques, different results?
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丛枝菌根真菌中的同核菌丝体与异核菌丝体：不同的技术，不同的结果？
DOI：
10.1111/nph.13448
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Corradi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Ropars;N. Corradi
丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）是一种分布广泛、具有重要生态和经济意义的共生真菌门——肾小球菌科。这些异养真菌通过与大多数维管植物的专一共生来吸收植物同化的碳，以增强寄主对土壤中矿物质营养物质（磷酸盐和硝酸盐）的吸收（Bonfante & Genre, 2010），并保护寄主免受害虫和真菌病原体的侵害（Bonfante & Genre, 2010; Corradi & Bonfante, 2012）。除了与生态学相关外，AMF从细胞和遗传学的角度来看也很有趣，因为它们在一个共同的细胞质中产生含有多个细胞核的共胞菌丝和孢子。一些人认为，共存核的存在有助于清除这些被认为是古代无性动物的有害突变（Sanders & Sanders, 2003; Sanders & Croll, 2010），尽管最近的研究发现了间接证据，表明性别和更传统的繁殖模式可能存在于这个谱系中(Riley & Corradi, 2013；
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) belong to a widely distributed, ecologically and economically important symbiotic fungal phylum, the Glomeromycota. These heterotrophic fungi take plant-assimilated carbon through an obligate symbiosis with most vascular plants, in exchange of enhancing their host’s uptake of mineral nutrients (phosphate and nitrates) from the soil (Bonfante & Genre, 2010) and protecting them against pests and fungal pathogens (Bonfante & Genre, 2010; Corradi & Bonfante, 2012). In addition to being ecologically relevant, the AMF are also intriguing from a cellular and genetic perspective, as they produce coenocytic hyphae and spores that contain multiple nuclei in a common cytoplasm. The presence of co-existing nuclei has been suggested by some to facilitate the purge of deleterious mutations in these supposed ancient asexuals (Sanders & Sanders, 2003; Sanders & Croll, 2010), although recent studies have found indirect evidence that sex and more conventional mode of reproduction may exist in this lineage (Riley & Corradi, 2013;