Phospholipases A2 and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system.
Phospholipases A2 and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12017-009-8092-z
复制
发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Simonyi, Agnes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun, Grace Y.;Shelat, Phullara B.;Jensen, Michael B.;He, Yan;Sun, Albert Y.;Simonyi, Agnes
关键词：
磷脂酶A2(PLA2)是负责水解膜磷脂sn-2脂肪酸的超家族酶。众所周知，这些酶在维持细胞膜磷脂稳态和产生各种脂质介体方面发挥着多重作用。哺乳动物细胞、蛇毒和蜂毒中存在20多种不同类型的PLA2。尽管它们在降解磷脂脂肪酸方面具有共同的功能，但它们由许多基因编码，并表达受不同机制调控的蛋白质。最近的研究主要集中在IV组钙依赖性胞浆cPLA2、VI组钙非依赖性iPLA2和II组小分子分泌型sPLA2。在中枢神经系统(CNS)，这些PLA2分布在神经元和神经胶质细胞之间。尽管这些PLA2在调节神经细胞功能中的生理作用尚未被明确阐明，但越来越多的证据表明，它们参与了受体信号和转录途径，这些途径将氧化事件与炎症反应联系在一起，从而突显了许多神经退行性疾病。最近的研究还揭示了cPLA2在调节神经元兴奋功能中的重要作用，sPLA2在炎症反应中的作用，以及iPLA2与儿童神经功能障碍与脑铁蓄积相关的作用。本综述的目的是为了更好地了解这些PLA2的结构和功能，并强调特定类型的PLA2及其在中枢神经系统生理和病理条件下这些炎症反应中的串扰机制。
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) belong to a superfamily of enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing the sn-2 fatty acids of membrane phospholipids. These enzymes are known to play multiple roles for maintenance of membrane phospholipid homeostasis and for production of a variety of lipid mediators. Over 20 different types of PLA2s are present in the mammalian cells, and in snake and bee venom. Despite their common function in hydrolyzing fatty acids of phospholipids, they are diversely encoded by a number of genes and express proteins that are regulated by different mechanisms. Recent studies have focused on the group IV calcium-dependent cytosolic cPLA2, the group VI calcium-independent iPLA2, and the group II small molecule secretory sPLA2. In the central nervous system (CNS), these PLA2s are distributed among neurons and glial cells. Although the physiological role of these PLA2s in regulating neural cell function has not yet been clearly elucidated, there is increasing evidence for their involvement in receptor signaling and transcriptional pathways that link oxidative events to inflammatory responses that underline many neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies also reveal an important role of cPLA2 in modulating neuronal excitatory functions, sPLA2 in the inflammatory responses, and iPLA2 with childhood neurologic disorders associated with brain iron accumulation. The goal for this review is to better understand the structure and function of these PLA2s and to highlight specific types of PLA2s and their cross-talk mechanisms in these inflammatory responses under physiological and pathological conditions in the CNS.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Chenevier-Gobeaux, Camille;Simonneau, Catherine;Borderie, Didier
通讯作者：
Borderie, Didier
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Adibhatla RM;Hatcher JF
通讯作者：
Hatcher JF
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bezzine, S;Koduri, RS;Gelb, MH
通讯作者：
Gelb, MH
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cho, HW;Kim, JH;Kim, HJ
通讯作者：
Kim, HJ
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Adibhatla, RM;Hatcher, JF;Tureyen, K
通讯作者：
Tureyen, K