Social isolation, support, and capital and nutritional risk in an older sample: ethnic and gender differences
Social isolation, support, and capital and nutritional risk in an older sample: ethnic and gender differences
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.06.023
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Allman, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Locher, JL;Ritchie, CS;Allman, RM
本研究探讨了老年黑人和白色女性和男性的社会孤立，支持，资本和营养风险之间存在的关系。该论文报告了1000名65岁及以上的社区居住老年人参加了亚拉巴马大学伯明翰分校（UAB）的老龄化研究，这是一项对美国老年黑人和白色参与者流动性的纵向观察研究。黑人妇女面临的营养风险最大：黑人妇女和男子是最有可能在社会上被孤立、拥有最少社会支助和社会资本的群体。对于所有种族-性别群体来说，独立生活空间（社会隔离的一个指标）受到更大的限制与营养风险增加有关。对于黑人女性和白色男性来说，没有足够的交通工具（也是社会孤立的一个指标）与营养风险增加有关。此外，对于黑人和白色妇女以及白色男子来说，较低的收入与营养风险增加有关。仅对白色女性而言，社会支持水平低的感知与营养风险增加有关。对于黑人男子来说，不结婚（社会支持的一个指标），不定期参加宗教服务，因为害怕受到攻击而限制活动。和感知歧视（社会资本指标）与营养风险增加有关。黑人女性营养不良的风险最大，但更多的社会孤立，支持和资本的指标与黑人男性的营养风险。此外，对黑人男性营养风险产生不利影响的社会支持和资本指标与其他种族性别群体中与营养风险相关的指标不同。这项研究对针对老年人的营养政策有影响。(C)2004爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
This study examines the relationships that exist between social isolation, support, and capital and nutritional risk in older black and white women and men. The paper reports on 1000 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and older enrolled in the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging, a longitudinal observational study of mobility among older black and white participants in the USA. Black women were at greatest nutritional risk: and black women and men were the groups most likely to be socially isolated and to possess the least amounts of social support and social capital. For all ethnic-gender groups, greater restriction in independent life-space (an indicator of social isolation) was associated with increased nutritional risk. For black women and white men, not having adequate transportation (also an indicator of social isolation) was associated with increased nutritional risk. Additionally, for black and white women and white men, lower income was associated with increased nutritional risk. For white women only, the perception of a low level of social support was associated with increased nutritional risk. For black men, not being married (an indicator of social support) and not attending religious services regularly, restricting activities for fear of being attacked.. and perceived discrimination (indicators of social capital) were associated with increased nutritional risk. Black females had the greatest risk of poor nutritional health, however more indicators of social isolation, support, and capital were associated with nutritional risk for black men. Additionally, the indicators of social support and capital adversely affecting nutritional risk for black men differed from those associated with nutritional risk in other ethnic-gender groups. This research has implications for nutritional policies directed towards older adults. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.