Exosomes versus microexosomes: Shared components but distinct functions
Exosomes versus microexosomes: Shared components but distinct functions
复制标题
外泌体与微外泌体：成分相同但功能不同
DOI：
10.1007/s10265-017-0907-7
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kawano N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyado K;Kang W;Yamatoya K;Hanai M;Nakamura A;Mori T;Miyado M;Kawano N
在多细胞生物中，细胞成分不断地在细胞内转运，也在有限的细胞之间运输，而不考虑它们的物理距离。外泌体是细胞间运输的关键介质之一。外囊泡是50年前在植物中发现的，现在被重新认为是外泌体样囊泡。同时，一种众所周知的外泌体成分，四联蛋白CD9，调节哺乳动物的精卵融合。拟南芥在受精时也在生殖组织中表达许多四跨蛋白，并且定位于原生质体的质膜。此外，含有cd9的结构（或“微外泌体”）在小鼠卵子成熟过程中被释放出来，促进精卵融合。这一现象表明，两类共组分细胞间载体可能从多种植物和动物细胞中释放出来，广泛调控生物现象。我们在此强调它们的离散结构，形成过程和功能。
In multicellular organisms, cellular components are constantly translocated within cells and are also transported exclusively between limited cells, regardless of their physical distance. Exosomes function as one of the key mediators of intercellular transportation. External vesicles were identified 50 years ago in plants and now reconsidered to be exosome-like vesicles. Meanwhile, a well-known exosomal component, tetraspanin CD9, regulates sperm–egg fusion in mammals. A number of Arabidopsis tetraspanins are also expressed in reproductive tissues at fertilization, and are localized at the plasma membrane of protoplasts. Moreover, CD9-containing structures (or ‘microexosomes’) are released from mouse eggs during their maturation and promote the sperm–egg fusion. This phenomenon implies that two types of shared-component intercellular carriers might be released from multiple types of plant and animal cells, which widely regulate biological phenomena. We herein highlight their discrete structures, formation processes, and functions.