Microbiota-mediated inflammation and antimicrobial defense in the intestine.
Microbiota-mediated inflammation and antimicrobial defense in the intestine.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120238
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
29.7
通讯作者：
Pamer EG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caballero S;Pamer EG
构成肠道微生物群的各种微生物种群促进免疫发育和分化，但由于其复杂的代谢要求和随之而来的培养困难，直到最近，它们仍然在很大程度上未被表征和神秘。在过去的十年中，深度核酸测序平台、新的计算和生物信息学工具以及数百种肠道细菌物种的全基因组表征促进了微生物群的研究，并揭示了微生物群组成的差异可能与炎症、代谢和感染性疾病相关，每个人都被不同的细菌植物群定殖，并且可以操纵微生物群来减少甚至治愈某些疾病。不同的细菌物种诱导不同的免疫细胞群，这些免疫细胞群可以发挥促炎和抗炎作用，因此微生物群的组成部分地决定了对感染的抵抗力和对炎性疾病的易感性。这篇综述总结了最近的工作，表征肠道微生物，有助于抗菌防御/炎症轴。
The diverse microbial populations constituting the intestinal microbiota promote immune development and differentiation, but because of their complex metabolic requirements and the consequent difficulty culturing them, they remained, until recently, largely uncharacterized and mysterious. In the last decade, deep nucleic acid sequencing platforms, new computational and bioinformatics tools, and full-genome characterization of several hundred commensal bacterial species facilitated studies of the microbiota and revealed that differences in microbiota composition can be associated with inflammatory, metabolic, and infectious diseases, that each human is colonized by a distinct bacterial flora, and that the microbiota can be manipulated to reduce and even cure some diseases. Different bacterial species induce distinct immune cell populations that can play pro- and anti-inflammatory roles, and thus the composition of the microbiota determines, in part, the level of resistance to infection and susceptibility to inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes recent work characterizing commensal microbes that contribute to the antimicrobial defense/inflammation axis.