ARCHITECTURE AND INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS OF THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN THE RHESUS-MONKEY
ARCHITECTURE AND INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS OF THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN THE RHESUS-MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.902860306
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发表时间：
1989-08-15
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
PANDYA, DN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARBAS, H;PANDYA, DN
对恒河猴前额叶皮层的结构组织和内在联系进行了研究。Cytoarchitectonic分析表明，在前额叶皮层有两个趋势的逐渐变化的层状特征，可以追溯到边缘向等皮质区。层状特征的逐步变化的特征在于颗粒层IV的宽度的出现和逐渐增加，通过在层III和V中的锥体细胞的大小的增加，以及通过在颗粒上层中的更高的细胞堆积密度。骨髓结构分析表明，边缘区髓鞘发育不良，邻近地区有弥漫性髓鞘含量局限于深层，并在isocortices的有髓纤维分布在有组织的水平带（Baillarger）和垂直丛。使用上述架构的标准，我们观察到的架构的趋势之一，需要一个径向basoventral的课程从perialocortex在尾侧眶额区相邻的proisocortex，然后到13区。下一阶段的结构区域包括眶区12、11和14，其后是区10、侧区12和腹区46的吻侧部分。最后一组包括腹侧区46和腹侧区8的尾部。另一种趋势是从胼胝体吻侧部分周围的异皮质周围到相邻的前等皮质区24、25和32，然后到位于中间的等皮质区9、10和14的中背路线。下一阶段包括外侧区域10和9以及背侧区域的吻侧部分46。背46区和背8区的尾侧部。用顺行和逆行示踪法研究了基底腹侧皮质和背内侧皮质的相互联系。在每一个趋势中，一个给定的区域在两个方向上突出：一方面是属于后续构造阶段的相邻区域，另一方面是属于前一个构造阶段的附近区域。在每一个方向上，都有一个以上的区域参与到这个投影系统中，这与建筑变化的径向性质相平行。周边皮质和前皮质有广泛的内在联系，而位于边缘系统区域（如8区）的等皮质有有限的联系。大多数互连仅限于同一建筑趋势内的区域。然而，这两种倾向的皮层之间存在联系，而且这些联系似乎发生在处于相似结构分化阶段的区域之间，结果表明，在前额叶皮层内有两个结构上，也许功能上不同的轴。每个轴中的最早阶段具有广泛的连接，可能在神经处理中具有全局作用。另一方面，最后阶段的连接受到限制，可能在与额叶相关的过程中发挥更具体的作用。
An investigation of the architectonic organization and intrinsic connections of the prefrontal cortex was conducted in rhesus monkeys. Cytoarchitectonic analysis indicates that in the prefrontal cortex there are two trends of gradual change in laminar characteristics that can be traced from limbic periallocortex towards isocortical areas. The stepwise change in laminar features is characterized by the emergence and gradual increase in the width of granular layer IV, by an increase in the size of pyramidal cells in layers III and V, and by a higher cell‐packing density in the supragranular layers. Myeloarchitectonic analysis reveals that the limbic areas are poorly myelinated, adjacent areas have a diffuse myelin content confined to the deep layers, and in isocortices the myelinated fibers are distributed in organized horizontal bands (of Baillarger) and a vertical plexus. Using the above architectonic criteria, we observed that one of the architectonic trends takes a radial basoventral course from the periallocortex in the caudal orbitofrontal region to the adjacent proisocortex and then to area 13. The next stage of architectonic regions includes orbital areas 12, 11, and 14, which is followed by area 10, lateral area 12, and the rostral part of ventral area 46. The last group includes the caudal part of ventral area 46 and ventral area 8. The other trend takes a mediodorsal course from the periallocortex around the rostral portion of the corpus callosum to the adjacent proisocortical areas 24, 25, and 32 and then to the medially situated isocortical areas 9, 10, and 14. The next stage includes lateral areas 10 and 9 and the rostral part of dorsal area 46. The last group includes the caudal part of dorsal area 46 and dorsal area 8.The interconnections of subdivisions of the basoventral and mediodorsal cortices were studied with the aid of anterograde and retrograde tracers. Within each trend a given area projects in two directions: to adjoining regions belonging to succeeding architectonic stages on the one hand, and to nearby regions from the preceding architectonic stage on the other. In each direction there is more than one region involved in this projection system, paralleling the radial nature of architectonic change. Periallo‐ and proisocortices have widespread intrinsic connections, whereas isocortices situated at a distance from limbic areas, such as area 8, have restricted connections. Most interconnections are limited to areas within the same architectonic trend. However, there are links between cortices from the two trends, and these seem to occur between areas that are at a similar stage of architectonic differentiation.The results suggest that there are two architectonically, and perhaps functionally, distinct axes within the prefrontal cortex. The earliest stages within each axis, which have widespread connections, may have a global role in neural processing. On the other hand, the latest stages, which have restricted connections, may have a more specific role in processes associated with the frontal lobe.