Cytotoxic immunological synapses.
Cytotoxic immunological synapses.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0105-2896.2010.00904.x
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Long EO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dustin ML;Long EO
适应性免疫系统最基本的活动之一是杀死感染细胞和肿瘤细胞。这一过程有两条不同的途径，这两条途径都是由细胞毒性免疫突触促进的。虽然传统上被认为是先天免疫细胞，但自然杀伤(NK)细胞现在被认为具有长期应对化学和病毒侮辱的能力。这些细胞通过NK细胞的细胞毒性或抑制性突触整合多种正负信号。传统的CD8+αβT细胞受体阳性细胞是免疫突触概念的最佳模型之一，在免疫突触中，载体信号与稳定界面上的定向分泌联系在一起，诱导感染细胞的凋亡。突触中的大规模分子组织产生了许多假说。过去五年的研究已经开始就这些模型的有效性提供明确的答案。活体成像方法已经为这些过程的生理相关性提供了一些线索，并对未来有很大的希望。本文综述了细胞毒性免疫突触的研究进展，并提出了将这些信息应用于治疗药物开发的研究方向。
One of the most fundamental activities of the adaptive immune system is to kill infected cells and tumor cells. Two distinct pathways mediate this process, both of which are facilitated by a cytotoxic immunological synapse. While traditionally thought of as innate immune cells, natural killer (NK) cells are now appreciated to have the capacity for long-term in reactions to chemical and viral insults. These cells integrate multiple positive and negative signals through NK cell cytotoxic or inhibitory synapses. The traditional CD8+αβ T-cell receptor-positive cells are among the best models for the concept of an immunological synapse, in which vectoral signaling is linked to directed secretion in a stable interface to induce apoptotic cell death in an infected cell. Large-scale molecular organization in synapses generated a number of hypotheses. Studies in the past five years have started to provide clear answers regarding the validity of these models. In vivo imaging approaches have provided some hints as to the physiological relevance of these processes with great promise for the future. This review provides an overview of work on cytotoxic immunological synapses and suggests pathways forward in applying this information to the development of therapeutic agents.
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