HIV Nef is secreted in exosomes and triggers apoptosis in bystander CD4+ T cells.

HIV Nef is secreted in exosomes and triggers apoptosis in bystander CD4+ T cells.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.01006.x
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发表时间:
2010-01
期刊:
Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Peterlin BM
Peterlin BM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lenassi M;Cagney G;Liao M;Vaupotic T;Bartholomeeusen K;Cheng Y;Krogan NJ;Plemenitas A;Peterlin BM

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HIV辅助蛋白Nef是最早和最丰富表达的病毒蛋白之一。它也存在于感染者的血清中(Caby等人,2005年)。细胞外Nef蛋白对HIV的主要靶点CD4+ T细胞具有有害作用(James et. al, 2004),并且可以抑制旁观者B细胞的免疫球蛋白类转换(Qiao et. al, 2006)。然而,Nef从受感染细胞中退出的方式仍然是一个难题。我们发现Nef通过释放外泌体从所有被检查的细胞中刺激其自身输出。根据其在细胞内的位置,这些Nef外泌体分别在Jurkat、SupT1和原代T细胞的质膜、晚期内体或两者中形成。Nef通过外泌体释放在HIV-1感染外周血淋巴细胞期间也是保守的。释放的Nef外泌体引起静息pbl的激活诱导细胞死亡。因此,hiv感染的细胞在生物活性囊泡中输出Nef,这促进了CD4+ T细胞的消耗,这是艾滋病的一个标志。
The HIV accessory protein Nef is one of the earliest and most abundantly expressed viral proteins. It is also found in the serum of infected individuals (Caby et. al, 2005). Extracellular Nef protein has deleterious effects on CD4+ T cells (James et. al, 2004), the primary targets of HIV, and can suppress immunoglobulin class switching in bystander B cells (Qiao et. al, 2006). Nevertheless, the mode of exit of Nef from infected cells remains a conundrum. We found that Nef stimulates its own export via the release of exosomes from all cells examined. Depending on its intracellular location, these Nef exosomes form at the plasma membrane, late endosomes or both compartments in Jurkat, SupT1 and primary T cells, respectively. Nef release through exosomes is conserved also during HIV-1 infection of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Released Nef exosomes cause activation-induced cell death of resting PBLs in vitro. Thus, HIV-infected cells export Nef in bioactive vesicles, which facilitate the depletion of CD4+ T cells that is a hallmark of AIDS.
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