Cell Purification: A New Challenge for Biobanks
Cell Purification: A New Challenge for Biobanks
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DOI：
10.1159/000358306
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Orfao, Alberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almeida, Maria;Garcia-Montero, Andres C.;Orfao, Alberto
对异质生物组织样品（例如血液或骨髓）进行“组学”分析可能导致偏倚或甚至错误的结果，特别是当靶细胞和/或分子以相对低的百分比/量存在时。在这种情况下，整个样品分析将最有可能稀释和掩盖感兴趣的细胞和/或分子的特征，这将对结果及其解释产生负面影响。因此，通常至关重要的是具有良好表征和高质量的纯化细胞群，以可靠地检测其特定特征（例如基因表达谱、蛋白质表达模式和代谢状态）中的细微变化。生物库是一个技术平台，旨在为研究人员提供大量高质量的生物样本及其相关数据，特别是支持高质量的科学和临床研究项目，这些项目将通过获得高质量的纯化细胞群或其生物成分（如DNA，RNA，蛋白质）而受益匪浅。因此，在生物库中存在制备细胞分选技术的明显机会。尽管存在多种不同的细胞纯化方法或正在开发中（例如，基于细胞粘附、密度和/或细胞大小特性的细胞纯化技术，基于抗体结合的方法以及新的芯片实验室纯化技术），但特定技术的选择取决于多个变量，包括细胞回收率、纯度和产率等。此外，大多数细胞纯化方法不太适合于样品中共存的多个细胞群体的高通量（HT）纯化。在这里，我们回顾了最（目前）使用的细胞分选方法，可能适用于生物库中的样品制备。对于不同的方法，其优点和局限性的技术考虑是突出的，并讨论了HT细胞分选技术在生物库中使用所要满足的要求。(C)2015 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Performing '-omics' analyses on heterogeneous biological tissue samples, such as blood or bone marrow, can lead to biased or even erroneous results, particularly when the targeted cells and/or molecules are present at relatively low percentages/amounts. In such cases, whole sample analysis will most probably dilute and mask the features of the cell and/or molecules of interest, and this will negatively impact the results and their interpretation. Therefore, frequently it is critically important to have well-characterized and high-quality purified cell populations for the reliable detection of subtle variations in their specific features, such as gene expression profile, protein expression pattern and metabolic status. Biobanks are technological platforms which aim to provide researchers access to a large number of high-quality biological samples and their associated data, particularly to support high-quality scientific and clinical research projects, and such projects will benefit enormously by having access to high-quality purified cell populations or their biological components (e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins). Therefore, a clear opportunity exists for preparative cell sorting techniques in biobanks. Although multiple different cell purification approaches exist or are under development (e.g. cell purification techniques based on cell adherence, density and/or cell size properties, methods based on antibody binding as well as new lab-on-a-chip purification techniques), the choice for a specific technology depends on multiple variables, including cell recovery, purity and yield, among others. In addition, most cell purification approaches are not well suited for high-throughput (HT) purification of multiple cell populations coexisting in a sample. Here we review the most (currently) used cell sorting methods that may be applied for sample preparation in biobanks. For the different approaches, technical considerations about their advantages and limitations are highlighted, and the requirements to be met by a HT cell sorting technology to be used in biobanks are also discussed. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel