Effects of nutrient enrichment in the nation's estuaries: A decade of change
Effects of nutrient enrichment in the nation's estuaries: A decade of change
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DOI：
10.1016/j.hal.2008.08.028
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Woerner, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bricker, S. B.;Longstaf, B.;Woerner, J.
2007年完成了对美国河口营养相关影响的最新评估。这项评估评估了每个河口的三个组成部分：影响因素(例如土地利用、营养物质负荷)、整体富营养化状况(例如叶绿素A)、是否存在滋扰/有毒藻类和大型藻类、溶解氧问题的程度、水下水生植物的丧失情况以及未来展望。富营养化是一个普遍的问题，65%的评估系统显示中到高度区域是大西洋中部。大多数河口被评估，存在水位问题。受影响最大的区域，除北大西洋系统(科德角以北至缅因州)外，受人类活动的影响很大，这些活动导致陆地养分负荷增加。预计未来65%的评估河口情况会恶化，19%的评估河口情况会有所改善。对1990年代初至2000年代初那些有足够数据的系统的变化程度的分析表明，情况基本保持不变(58个系统中的32个)，尽管在几个较小的系统中观察到了变化；13个系统有所改善，13个系统恶化。大西洋中部地区的叶绿素a和HAB的影响有所增加，该地区是唯一有足够数据进行比较的地区。这些症状在停留时间较长的系统中更为普遍，例如沿海泻湖。坦帕湾海草的成功恢复是令人鼓舞的，尽管鉴于预期的人口增长，未来维持恢复的管理将是困难的。这项国家评估表明，需要采取协调和综合的行动，平衡管理行动、评估管理有效性的有效监测、有重点的研究以及旨在吸引更广泛社区参与的交流运动。(C)2008爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
An updated assessment of nutrient related impacts in US estuaries was completed in 2007. This assessment evaluates three components for each estuary: the influencing factors (e.g. land use, nutrient loads), the overall eutrophic condition (e.g. chlorophyll a. presence of nuisance/toxic algae and macroalgae, extent of dissolved oxygen problems, loss of submerged aquatic vegetation), and future outlook. Eutrophication is a widespread problem with 65% of assessed systems showing moderate to high region was the mid-Atlantic. The majority of estuaries assessed, with level problems. The most impacted reg the exception of North Atlantic systems (Cape Cod north to Maine), are highly influenced by human related activities that contribute to land-based nutrient loads. Conditions were predicted to worsen in 65% and to improve in 19% of the assessed estuaries in the future. Analysis of the extent of change from the early 1990s to the early 2000s, for those systems for which sufficient data were available, shows that conditions mostly remained the same (32 of 58 systems) though changes were observed in several smaller systems; 13 systems improved and 13 systems worsened. Chlorophyll a and HAB impacts have increased in the mid-Atlantic region, the only region with data adequate for comparison. These symptoms are more prevalent in systems with longer residence times, such as coastal lagoons. The successful restoration of seagrass in Tampa Bay is encouraging though future management to sustain the recovery will be difficult given expected population increases. This national assessment illustrates the need for coordinated and integrated action that balances management action, efficient monitoring to assess the effectiveness of the management, focused research, and a communication campaign aimed at engaging the broader community. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.