Deep-Sea Oil Plume Enriches Indigenous Oil-Degrading Bacteria
Deep-Sea Oil Plume Enriches Indigenous Oil-Degrading Bacteria
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1195979
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发表时间：
2010-10-08
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Mason, Olivia U.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hazen, Terry C.;Dubinsky, Eric A.;Mason, Olivia U.
由于这一事件的深度和规模，墨西哥湾深水地平线井喷产生的大量石油的生物影响和预期命运尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，分散的碳氢化合物羽刺激深海土著γ-变形菌，是密切相关的已知的石油降解。烃降解基因与各种石油污染物的浓度相一致。碳氢化合物成分随距离源的变化以及与环境隔离物的孵育实验表明，在5摄氏度时，碳氢化合物的生物降解速度快于预期。根据这些结果，在深水柱中存在对油羽进行内在生物修复的潜力，而不会出现大量的氧气下降。
The biological effects and expected fate of the vast amount of oil in the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon blowout are unknown owing to the depth and magnitude of this event. Here, we report that the dispersed hydrocarbon plume stimulated deep-sea indigenous gamma-Proteobacteria that are closely related to known petroleum degraders. Hydrocarbon-degrading genes coincided with the concentration of various oil contaminants. Changes in hydrocarbon composition with distance from the source and incubation experiments with environmental isolates demonstrated faster-than-expected hydrocarbon biodegradation rates at 5 degrees C. Based on these results, the potential exists for intrinsic bioremediation of the oil plume in the deep-water column without substantial oxygen drawdown.