Numerical simulation of drifting snow sublimation in the saltation layer.

Numerical simulation of drifting snow sublimation in the saltation layer.
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盐化层中流雪升华的数值模拟

DOI:
10.1038/srep06611
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发表时间:
2014-10-14
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Huang N
Huang N
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dai X;Huang N

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积雪升华是一种重要的水文过程,也是造成积雪分布时空变化的主要原因之一。与表面升华相比,由于雪颗粒在空气中的表面暴露面积更大,因此飘雪升华更有效。以往对积雪升华的研究主要集中在悬浮积雪,而很少考虑积雪的主要形式跳跃积雪。本文建立了一个数值模式,模拟了积雪在跃移层中的升华过程。模拟结果表明:(1)漂移雪粒的平均升华速率随摩擦速度线性增加,(2)升华速率随摩擦速度的梯度随环境温度和空气欠饱和度的增加而增大,(3)当摩擦速度小于0.525  m/s时,跃移雪粒的升华速率大于悬浮雪粒的升华速率,(4)当摩擦速度小于0.525 m/s时,跃移雪粒的升华速率大于悬浮雪粒的升华速率;(4)只有当摩擦速度大于0.625m/s时,跃移层中的雪堆升华才小于悬浮颗粒的升华 。因此,在跃变层中的漂移雪升华构成了总雪升华的重要部分。
Snow sublimation is an important hydrological process and one of the main causes of the temporal and spatial variation of snow distribution. Compared with surface sublimation, drifting snow sublimation is more effective due to the greater surface exposure area of snow particles in the air. Previous studies of drifting snow sublimation have focused on suspended snow, and few have considered saltating snow, which is the main form of drifting snow. In this study, a numerical model is established to simulate the process of drifting snow sublimation in the saltation layer. The simulated results show 1) the average sublimation rate of drifting snow particles increases linearly with the friction velocity; 2) the sublimation rate gradient with the friction velocity increases with increases in the environmental temperature and the undersaturation of air; 3) when the friction velocity is less than 0.525 m/s, the snowdrift sublimation of saltating particles is greater than that of suspended particles; and 4) the snowdrift sublimation in the saltation layer is less than that of the suspended particles only when the friction velocity is greater than 0.625 m/s. Therefore, the drifting snow sublimation in the saltation layer constitutes a significant portion of the total snow sublimation.
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影响因子: 5.2
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