Mental and Physical (MAP) Training: a neurogenesis-inspired intervention that enhances health in humans.
Mental and Physical (MAP) Training: a neurogenesis-inspired intervention that enhances health in humans.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2014.08.012
复制
发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Alderman BL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shors TJ;Olson RL;Bates ME;Selby EA;Alderman BL
海马体中每天都会产生新的神经元，通过努力学习，它们的存活率大大提高。通过体育锻炼可以增加产生的细胞数量。这些发现启发我们开发一种临床干预措施，称为心理和身体训练，或MAP训练。每次训练包括30分钟的集中注意力冥想（20分钟坐着，10分钟步行）。冥想是一种努力的训练实践，涉及学习思想和思维模式的短暂性，并获得识别它们的技能，而不必将意义和/或情感附加到它们上。心理训练部分之后是身体训练，以中等强度进行30分钟的有氧运动。在这一部分，参与者学习编排的舞蹈套路，同时从事有氧运动。在一项试点“概念验证”研究中，我们为当地社区的一群最近无家可归的年轻母亲提供了有监督的MAP培训（每周2次，持续8周），其中大多数人以前遭受过身体和性虐待，成瘾和抑郁。初步数据表明，MAP训练改善了有氧健身的相关措施（通过最大耗氧率评估），并减少了抑郁和焦虑的症状。在一组没有参加MAP培训的最近无家可归的妇女中没有观察到类似的变化。目前还不可能确定人类大脑中的新神经元是否由于MAP训练而增加。相反，MAP培训的这些初步结果说明了神经科学研究如何转化为有益于人类健康和健康的新型临床干预措施。
New neurons are generated in the hippocampus each day and their survival is greatly enhanced through effortful learning. The numbers of cells produced can be increased by physical exercise. These findings inspired us to develop a clinical intervention for humans known as Mental and Physical Training, or MAP Training. Each session consists of 30 min of mental training with focused attention meditation (20 minutes sitting and 10 minutes walking). Meditation is an effortful training practice that involves learning about the transient nature of thoughts and thought patterns, and acquiring skills to recognize them without necessarily attaching meaning and/or emotions to them. The mental training component is followed by physical training with 30 min of aerobic exercise performed at moderate intensity. During this component, participants learn choreographed dance routines while engaging in aerobic exercise. In a pilot “proof-of-concept” study, we provided supervised MAP Training (2 sessions per week for 8 weeks) to a group of young mothers in the local community who were recently homeless, most of them having previously suffered from physical and sexual abuse, addiction, and depression. Preliminary data suggest that MAP Training improves dependent measures of aerobic fitness (as assessed by maximal rate of oxygen consumed) as well as decreases symptoms of depression and anxiety. Similar changes were not observed in a group of recently homeless women who did not participate in MAP Training. It is not currently possible to determine whether new neurons in the human brain increase in number as a result of MAP Training. Rather these preliminary results of MAP Training illustrate how neuroscientific research can be translated into novel clinical interventions that benefit human health and wellness.