Human defenses against Cryptococcus neoformans:: An update
Human defenses against Cryptococcus neoformans:: An update
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1006905331276
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Brummer, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brummer, E
新型隐球菌变种新生菌是一种机会性真菌病原体，特别是在AIDS患者中，并且在世界范围内被发现。另一方面，新型隐球菌变种（Cryptococcus neoformans var. gatti（CN-g）仅限于与两种桉树的群丛。肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）构成新生隐球菌的第一道防线，并提供一定的抵抗力。对新生隐球菌的炎症反应伴随中性粒细胞和单核细胞的流入提供了第二道防线。人类AM分泌促炎性单核因子目前正在定义中。炎性吞噬细胞对新生隐球菌有较强的杀伤作用，并具有较强的抵抗力。T和B细胞对感染的反应，第三道防线，导致产生淋巴因子（IFNg等）。和特异性抗体。IL-12和IL-18增强淋巴细胞对新生隐球菌感染的反应似乎是关键的。艾滋病患者对新型隐球菌的易感性与低CD4 + T细胞计数和可能降低的第二道防线的功效有关。
Crypfococcus neoformans var. neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen, especially in AIDS patients, and is found world-wide. On the other hand, Cryptococcus neoformans var. gatti (CN-g) is restricted to an association with two species of Eucalyptus trees. Alveolar macrophages (AM) constitute the first line of defense to Cryptococcus neoformans and offers some resistance. The inflammatory response to Cryptococcus neoformans with an influx of neutrophils and monocytes affords a second line of defense. Secretion of proinflammatory monokines by human AM is now being defined. The inflammatory phagocytes are efficient in killing Cryptococcus neoformans and offer strong resistance. T and B cell responses to infection, a third line of defense, results in production of lymphokines (IFNg, etc.) and specific antibodies. Enhancement of lymphocyte responses by IL-12 and IL-18 to Cryptococcus neoformans infection appears to be critical. Susceptibility of AIDS patients to Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with low CD4+ T cell counts and likely reduced efficacy of the second line of defense.