Models and determinants of vocabulary growth from kindergarten to adulthood
Models and determinants of vocabulary growth from kindergarten to adulthood
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01878.x
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Vida, Ron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beitchman, Joseph H.;Jiang, Hedy;Vida, Ron
背景：越来越多的证据表明，儿童语言问题持续到成年早期。然而，很少有人知道个人和环境特征如何影响语言发育的个人识别语音/语言问题。方法：个体生长曲线模型被用来研究如何言语/语言障碍和环境变量（社会经济地位，家庭分离，和母亲的因素）影响词汇发展从5岁到25岁。参与者来自社区样本，这些儿童最初在5岁时被诊断出有言语/语言问题，他们的性别和年龄相匹配。结果如下：在整个20年的时间里，语言障碍组的接受性词汇量明显低于语言障碍组和对照组。当单独考虑时，家庭收入是词汇量增长的一个重要预测因素，但当考虑到语言障碍状况时，家庭收入不再是一个预测因素。母亲的教育和家庭分离的决定因素词汇在5岁以上的语言障碍状态。结论：语言障碍是影响儿童期至成年期词汇发展的重要危险因素。言语障碍者在接受性词汇方面的受损程度低于语言障碍者。对母亲和家庭危险因素的进一步调查可能为语言障碍风险儿童的早期干预提供目标。
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that childhood language problems persist into early adulthood. Nevertheless, little is known about how individual and environmental characteristics influence the language growth of individuals identified with speech/language problems. Method: Individual growth curve models were utilised to examine how speech/language impairment and environmental variables (socioeconomic status, family separation, and maternal factors) influence vocabulary development from age 5 to 25. Participants were taken from a community sample of children initially diagnosed with speech/language problems at age 5 and their sex- and age-matched controls. Results: The language impaired group had significantly poorer receptive vocabulary than the speech impaired and control groups throughout the 20-year period. Family income was a significant predictor of vocabulary growth when considered separately, but ceased to be a predictor when language impairment status was taken into account. Maternal education and family separation were determinants of vocabulary at age 5, over and above language impairment status. Conclusion: Language impairment is a significant risk factor for vocabulary development from childhood to adulthood. Individuals with speech impairment were less impaired on receptive vocabulary than individuals with language impairment. Further investigation into maternal and familial risk factors may provide targets for early intervention with children at risk for language impairment.