Chiasmal syndromes.
Chiasmal syndromes.
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DOI：
10.1097/00055735-200312000-00002
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Foroozan, Rod
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foroozan, Rod
综述目的：本文综述了最近的文献和交叉综合征患者的检测策略，重点介绍了这些患者的临床评估和管理。视力丧失通常是视交叉病变的最初表现。偏视缺陷和颞部视野优先受累是最早和最常见的视觉缺陷。病变的进展可能导致邻近结构受压，包括视神经和海绵窦，并可能导致更严重的视力丧失、眼运动障碍和垂体功能减退。最近的研究发现：虽然有许多方法被用于评估交叉疾病患者的视觉功能，但视界测量仍然是检测和跟踪视觉缺陷的最有效方法。摘要：大多数交叉综合征可分为内因（交叉本身增厚）或外因（相邻结构压迫交叉）。磁共振成像是大多数交叉病变的最佳神经成像模式，也可以为孤立交叉综合征的病因提供线索。
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review of the more recent literature and testing strategies in patients with chiasmal syndromes focuses on the clinical evaluation and management of these patients. Visual loss is often the initial manifestation of disorders involving the optic chiasm. Hemianopic defects and preferential involvement of the temporal visual field are the earliest and most common visual deficits. Progression of the lesion may cause compression of adjacent structures, including the optic nerves and cavernous sinuses, and may result in more profound visual loss, ocular motor deficits, and hypopituitarism.RECENT FINDINGS: Although a number of modalities have been used to assess visual function in patients with chiasmal disorders, perimetry remains the most effective means of detecting and following the visual deficit.SUMMARY: Most chiasmal syndromes can be categorized as intrinsic (thickening of the chiasm itself) or extrinsic (compression of the chiasm from an adjacent structure). Magnetic resonance imaging is the best mode of neuroimaging for most chiasmal lesions and may also provide clues to the etiology of an isolated chiasmal syndrome.