Cortical and subcortical interactions during action reprogramming and their related white matter pathways
Cortical and subcortical interactions during action reprogramming and their related white matter pathways
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000674107
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发表时间：
2010-07-27
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rushworth, Matthew F. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neubert, Franz-Xaver;Mars, Rogier B.;Rushworth, Matthew F. S.
右额下回（rIFG）和前辅助运动区（pre-SMA）已经被确定与认知控制有关，当需要非常规行为时，对其他大脑区域的自上而下的影响。有人认为，当环境变化意味着应该做出不同的反应时，它们会“抑制”习惯性运动反应。然而，这种“抑制”是否可以等同于生理抑制相互作用尚不清楚，这些区域彼此之间的关系以及它们影响运动执行的解剖途径也不清楚。成对脉冲经颅磁刺激（ppTMS）应用于rIFG和初级运动皮层（M1）或前SMA和M1，以亚秒级测量它们之间的相互作用，无论是在抑制和重新编程的行动或在常规行动选择。发现前SMA和M1之间以及rIFG和M1之间的功能相互作用的独特模式对动作重编程试验具有特异性;在生理水平上，前SMA和rIFG对M1的直接影响分别主要是促进性和抑制性。在随后的实验中，表明rIFG的抑制作用依赖于前SMA。第三个实验表明，前SMA和rIFG在两个时间尺度上影响M1。通过回归白色物质分数各向异性从扩散加权磁共振图像对TMS测量的功能连接，它表明，短潜伏期（6 ms）和较长的潜伏期（12 ms）的影响，分别由皮质-皮质和皮质下途径介导，后者通过靠近丘脑底核。
The right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) have been identified with cognitive control-the top-down influence on other brain areas when nonroutine behavior is required. It has been argued that they "inhibit" habitual motor responses when environmental changes mean a different response should be made. However, whether such "inhibition" can be equated with inhibitory physiological interactions has been unclear, as has the areas' relationship with each other and the anatomical routes by which they influence movement execution. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (ppTMS) was applied over rIFG and primary motor cortex (M1) or over pre-SMA and M1 to measure their interactions, at a subsecond scale, during either inhibition and reprogramming of actions or during routine action selection. Distinct patterns of functional interaction between pre-SMA and M1 and between rIFG and M1 were found that were specific to action reprogramming trials; at a physiological level, direct influences of pre-SMA and rIFG on M1 were predominantly facilitatory and inhibitory, respectively. In a subsequent experiment, it was shown that the rIFG's inhibitory influence was dependent on pre-SMA. A third experiment showed that pre-SMA and rIFG influenced M1 at two time scales. By regressing white matter fractional anisotropy from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images against TMS-measured functional connectivity, it was shown that short-latency (6 ms) and longer latency (12 ms) influences were mediated by cortico-cortical and subcortical pathways, respectively, with the latter passing close to the subthalamic nucleus.