Comparative behavior of red lionfish Pterois volitans on native Pacific versus invaded Atlantic coral reefs
Comparative behavior of red lionfish Pterois volitans on native Pacific versus invaded Atlantic coral reefs
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DOI：
10.3354/meps09942
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hixon, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cure, Katherine;Benkwitt, Cassandra E.;Hixon, Mark A.
太平洋红狮鱼Pterois Volitans已经入侵大西洋珊瑚礁，其种群密度比当地珊瑚礁上的要大得多。我们假设，入侵的珊瑚礁上的狮子鱼将(1)经历更高的杀伤率，从而减少狩猎时间，考虑到大西洋猎物的天真，(2)由于缺乏本土猎物防御，(2)消耗更多种类的猎物，以及(3)表现出不那么明显的黄昏模式，因为捕获大西洋猎物很容易。在两个土著地区(菲律宾和关岛)和两个入侵地区(开曼群岛和巴哈马)进行了比较的行为观察，以评估狮子鱼的时间分配和昼夜活动模式，并探索环境变量和狮子鱼行为之间的相关性。与我们的第一个假设相反，分配给捕猎和捕杀率的总时间在本地珊瑚礁和入侵珊瑚礁之间没有差异，尽管有相当大的区域差异。然而，大西洋狮子鱼的猎物是太平洋狮子鱼的两倍，这表明尽管有类似的狩猎行为，入侵的狮子鱼每天摄入更多的猎物生物量。此外，与我们的第二个假设一致，入侵珊瑚礁上的狮子鱼有更广泛的食性，也较少依赖‘吹气’行为来捕获猎物，这表明入侵范围内的猎物非常幼稚。重要的是，只有在入侵范围内，我们才观察到狮子鱼捕食鹦鹉鱼，这种鱼的减少可能会间接影响海藻和珊瑚之间的相互作用。最后，狮子鱼总体上倾向于表现出一种黄昏的行为模式，即狩猎在日出和/或日落时达到顶峰，没有本土和入侵状态的差异。
Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans have invaded Atlantic reefs and reached much greater population densities than on native reefs. We hypothesized that lionfish on invaded reefs would (1) experience higher kill rates and thus spend less time hunting, given the naivete of Atlantic prey, (2) consume a greater variety of prey, given the lack of native prey defenses, and (3) display less pronounced crepuscular patterns of hunting, given the ease of capturing Atlantic prey. Comparative behavioral observations were conducted in 2 native regions (Philippines and Guam) and 2 invaded regions (Cayman Islands and Bahamas) to assess lionfish time budgets and diurnal activity patterns and to explore correlations between environmental variables and lionfish behavior. Contrary to our first hypothesis, total time allocated to hunting and kill rates showed no difference between native and invaded reefs, despite considerable regional variation. However, Atlantic prey of lionfish were twice as large as Pacific prey, suggesting that despite similar hunting behavior, invasive lionfish ingest greater daily rations of prey biomass. Furthermore, consistent with our second hypothesis, lionfish on invaded reefs had broader diets, and also relied less on 'blowing' behavior for prey capture, pointing to substantial prey naivete in the invaded range. Importantly, only in the invaded range did we observe lionfish consuming parrotfishes, the decline of which could have indirect effects on interactions between seaweeds and corals. Finally, lionfish overall tended to exhibit a crepuscular pattern in behavior whereby hunting peaked at sunrise and/or sunset, with no differences attributable to native vs. invasive status.