The impact of cold electrons and cold ions in magnetospheric physics
The impact of cold electrons and cold ions in magnetospheric physics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jastp.2021.105599
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
G. Delzanno;J. Borovsky;M. Henderson;P. Lira;V. Roytershteyn;D. Welling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Delzanno;J. Borovsky;M. Henderson;P. Lira;V. Roytershteyn;D. Welling
回顾了地球磁层中冷离子和冷电子种群的影响。冷群体的定义是总能量小于大约100 eV，即在受航天器充电强烈影响的能量范围内，该能量范围通常主导着总等离子体密度。我们还包括了热等离子体斗篷，因为它与冷能量范围部分重叠，是一个仍然不被很好理解的群体。讨论的已知冷离子和冷电子的影响包括：热磁层等离子体的来源，太阳-风/磁层耦合，磁尾重联和亚暴，磁层顶上的开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性，合唱，嘶鸣，电磁-离子-回旋加速器和超低频波粒相互作用，极光结构和航天器充电。其他可能的影响与开放漂移轨迹的再填充、残留层和等离子体暂停中断有关。文中还讨论了冷等离子体测量的困难和需要新的测量技术来测量完整的冷离子和冷电子分布函数。关于冷离子和冷电子的数量，与它们的起源、性质、驱动因素和影响有关，仍有许多未知之处。在完全了解磁层-电离层系统之前，需要充分了解这些种群。
A review of the impact of the cold-ion and cold-electron populations in the Earth’s magnetosphere is presented. The cold populations are defined by total energy less than approximately 100 eV, i.e. in the energy range which is strongly affected by spacecraft charging and that often dominates the total plasma density. We also include the warm plasma cloak in the review, since it overlaps partially with the cold energy range and is a population that is still not well understood.The known impacts of cold ions and cold electrons that are discussed are: the source of hot magnetospheric plasma, solar-wind/magnetosphere coupling, magnetotail reconnection and substorms, Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities on the magnetopause, chorus, hiss, electromagnetic-ion-cyclotron and ultra-low-frequency wave–particle interactions, aurora structuring and spacecraft charging. Other possible impacts are associated with refilling on open-drift trajectories, the remnant layer and plasmapause disruption. A discussion of the difficulty of cold-plasma measurements and the need for new measurement techniques that measure the full cold-ion and cold-electron distribution functions is also presented.There remain a lot of unknowns about the cold-ion and cold-electron populations, associated with their origin, properties, drivers and impacts. These populations will need to be fully understood before the magnetosphere–ionosphere system can be fully understood.