Contamination and health risks of soil heavy metals around a lead/zinc smelter in southwestern China
Contamination and health risks of soil heavy metals around a lead/zinc smelter in southwestern China
复制标题
西南某铅锌冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染及健康风险
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.025
复制
发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Lei, Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Peizhong;Lin, Chunye;Lei, Kai
冶炼厂有毒金属的人为排放是一个全球性问题。本研究的目的是调查云南省中国一个有60年历史的铅锌冶炼厂周围土壤中有毒金属的分布情况。采集并分析了表土和土芯样品，以确定各种形式的有毒金属的浓度。结果表明，近60年的铅锌冶炼对当地土壤造成了严重的锌、铅、镉、砷、锑和汞的污染，最高含量分别为8078、2485、75.4、71.7、25.3和2.58 mg kg(-1)干湿。其他金属，包括钴、铬、铜、锰、镍、钪和钒，也被发现来自地源。随着距离冶炼厂距离的增加，表层土壤中冶炼厂驱动金属的浓度降低。铅、锌、镉污染主要集中在铅锌冶炼厂周围土壤表层40 cm处，100 cm以下有微量铅、锌、镉污染。表层土壤中的地源镍主要以残留态形式存在，而人为Cd、Pb、Zn则主要以非残留态形式存在。因此，冶炼废气不仅增加了表层土壤中Cd、Pb、Zn的浓度，而且还增加了它们的移动性和生物有效性。危害系数和危害指数表明，表层土壤可能对儿童健康构成威胁，这主要是由于土壤中铅和砷的含量较高。(C)2014 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Anthropogenic emissions of toxic metals from smelters are a global problem. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of toxic metals in soils around a 60 year-old Pb/Zn smelter in a town in Yunnan Province of China. Topsoil and soil core samples were collected and analyzed to determine the concentrations of various forms of toxic metals. The results indicated that approximately 60 years of Pb/Zn smelting has led to significant contamination of the local soil by Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Sb, and Hg, which exhibited maximum concentrations of 8078, 2485, 75.4, 71.7, 25.3, and 2.58 mg kg(-1), dry wet, respectively. Other metals, including Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Sc, and V, were found to originate from geogenic sources. The concentrations of smelter driven metals in topsoil decreased with increasing distance from the smelter. The main contamination by Pb, Zn, and Cd was found in the upper 40 cm of soil around the Pb/Zn smelter, but traces of Pb, Zn, and Cd contamination were found below 100 cm. Geogenic Ni in the topsoil was mostly bound in the residual fraction (RES), whereas anthropogenic Cd, Pb, and Zn were mostly associated with non-RES fractions. Therefore, the smelting emissions increased not only the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the topsoil but also their mobility and bioavailability. The hazard quotient and hazard index showed that the topsoil may pose a health risk to children, primarily due to the high Pb and As contents of the soil. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.