Role of mindlessness in the perception of deviance.
Role of mindlessness in the perception of deviance.
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无意识在异常感知中的作用。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
L. Imber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Langer;L. Imber
进行了一项实验，以确定是否正念理论可以解释异常的感知。受试者观看了一盘录像带，录像中的人据称要么是百万富翁，要么是前精神病患者，要么是离婚的同性恋，要么是癌症患者。由于这些人在统计学上的新奇，他们被期望引起正念，因此对目标个体的准确感知将是结果。设计中包括一个有意识的“正常”和一个没有意识的“正常”对照组。由于人们通常认为人们在与“正常”他人的互动中是无意识的，因此不知道非常典型的手势和身体特征，因此预测所有有意识的群体都会将目标个体的特征评估为极端和不寻常的。这两种预测都得到了支持。正念组，无论他们是看到一个正常的或异常的其他，是否异常是积极的或消极的，更准确地感知目标的特点比无意识组和评估的特定特征为极端。
An experiment was conducted to determine whether a theory of mindfulness could explain the perception of deviance. Subjects viewed a videotape of an individual who was purportedly either a millionaire, an ex-mental patient, a homosexual divorced, or a cancer victim. These individuals were expected to occasion mindfulness because of their statistical novelty, and therefore accurate perceptions of the target individual would be the result. A mindful "normal" and a mindless "normal" control group were included in the design. Since it was assumed that people are typically mindless in their interactions with "normal" others and thereby unaware of quite typical gestures and physical characteristics, it was predicted that all mindful groups would evaluate characteristics of the target individual as extreme and unusual. Both predictions were supported. Mindful groups, whether they were viewing a normal or deviant other and whether or not the deviance was positive or negative, more accurately perceived the target's characteristics than the mindless group and evaluated the particular characteristics as extreme.