Bacterial flora of the female genital tract: function and immune regulation
Bacterial flora of the female genital tract: function and immune regulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.12.004
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Giraldo, Paulo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witkin, Steven S.;Linhares, Iara Moreno;Giraldo, Paulo
非培养基因扩增技术的使用提高了我们对阴道细菌生态系统组成的理解。在大多数健康的妇女在生殖期的主要阴道细菌是一个或多个以下种类的乳杆菌：crispatus，L. iners和L.加塞里然而，在其他明显健康的女性中，乳酸杆菌可能缺乏或不存在，被其他产乳酸的细菌所取代：Atopobium，Megaspaera和/或Leptotrichia物种。阴道中病原菌的感染和/或增殖受到乳酸产生、细菌产生的抗菌产物以及先天和细胞介导的免疫系统的局部活性的抑制。阴道上皮细胞产生一系列具有抗微生物活性的化合物。这些细胞还具有膜结合的Toll样受体，其识别路径发生相关的分子模式。识别导致促炎细胞因子产生和抗原特异性免疫。感染后，宫颈内膜和阴道也可局部产生IgG和伊加抗体。
The use of non-culture gene amplification techniques has improved our understanding of the composition of the vaginal bacterial ecosystem. In most healthy women in the reproductive period the predominant vaginal bacteria are one or more of the following species of Lactobacillus: L. crispatus, L. iners and L. gasseri. However, in other apparently healthy women lactobacilli may be deficient or absent, being replaced by other lactic-acid-producing bacteria: Atopobium, Megasphaera and/or Leptotrichia species. Infection and/or proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the vagina is suppressed by lactic acid production, bacteria-generated antimicrobial products, and the local activities of the innate and cell-mediated immune systems. Vaginal epithelial cells produce a range of compounds with antimicrobial activities. These cells also possess membrane-bound Toll-like receptors that recognize path ogen-assoc iated molecular patterns. Recognition leads to pro-inflammatory cytokine production and antigen-specific immunity. Local production of IgG and IgA antibodies can also be initiated in the endocervix and vagina in response to infection.