Amsterdam's drug policy and its implications for controlling needle sharing.
Amsterdam's drug policy and its implications for controlling needle sharing.
复制标题
阿姆斯特丹的毒品政策及其对控制针头共享的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/e475372004-001
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Vansanten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buning Ec;Van Brussel Gh;G. Vansanten
：总之，可以说，阿姆斯特丹有各种各样的帮助模式。在全市7,000名吸毒者中，约有70%的人与这个帮助系统有联系。在荷兰，没有证据支持低门槛美沙酮项目使成瘾者远离无毒品治疗的担忧。图1显示，1981- 1985年期间，接受戒毒治疗的吸毒者人数翻了一番（最受欢迎的是戒毒后的治疗）。这一点更令人吃惊，因为吸毒成瘾者的估计人数在同一时期并没有增加。因此，低门槛项目和外展活动可能是激励成瘾者接受无毒品治疗的有效工具，而不是让成瘾者远离治疗。图2显示吸毒者的平均年龄上升，而图3显示22岁以下吸毒者的百分比下降（1981年为14.4%，1986年为5.1%）。由于吸毒成瘾者的总人数相当稳定，这可能表明海洛因对年轻人的吸引力正在下降。
: In summary, it can be stated that Amsterdam has a wide variety of helping modalities. Approximately 70 percent of the city's 7,000 drug addicts are in contact with this helping system. In The Netherlands, no evidence could be found to support the fear that low-threshold methadone programs keep addicts away from drug-free treatment. Figure 1 shows that the number of addicts entering drug-free treatment doubled in the period 1981-85 (most popular has been the drug-free aftercare). This is even more striking since the estimated number of addicts did not increase in that same period. So, instead of keeping addicts away from treatment, low-threshold programs and outreach activities may have been effective tools in motivating addicts to enter drug-free treatment. Figure 2 shows the rise of the mean age of drug addicts, while figure 3 indicates that the percentage of addicts under 22 years decreases (14.4 percent in 1981 and 5.1 percent in 1986). Since the total number of addicts is quite stable, this may suggest that heroin is becoming less attractive to young people.